Cardiovascular Pharmacology

Question 1

70 mmhg is the value of?

Answer 1

diastolic blood pressure

Question 2

110 mmhg is the value of?

Answer 2

systolic blood pressure

Question 3

hypertension and arterial
blood pressure increase is mainly due to?

Answer 3

elevation of total peripheral vascular resistance

Question 4

how is the hypertension mainly treated?

Answer 4

by palliative treatment

Question 5

what are the antihypertension drugs that mainly used in the clinics?

Answer 5

1. Diuretics
2. Adrenergic receptor blockers
3. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and other angiotensin receptor blockers/antagonists (ARB)
4. Calcium-channel blockers (CCB)

Question 6

Adrenergic neuron blockers
Adrenergic receptor blockers
Centrally acting adrenergic drugs and other
sympatholytic

decrease or increase the function of sympathetic system?

Answer 6

decrease the function

Question 7

Their function is about vasodilatation, they do not
effect sympathetic system.
what are they?

Answer 7

Calcium-channel blockers (CCB)
ACE inhibitor & ARBs
Direct acting vasodilators

Question 8

what are the most commonly used
antihypertensive drugs ?

Answer 8

Diuretic

Question 9

which agent block B1 adrenergic receptors and reduces the heart rate and cardiac contractility?

Answer 9

beta adrenergic blocking agents

Question 10

provide enough blood pressure reduction as
monotherapy in mild hypertension is and an be used in the combination with
the other diuretics?

Answer 10

Thiazide diuretics

Question 11

combination of diuretics inhibit?

Answer 11

inhibits pseudo-tolerance
(inhibiting the water and salt retention).

Question 12

Adrenergic Receptor Blockers?

Answer 12

Alpha-blockers and Beta-blockers

Question 13

propranolol is it a selective or non-selective blocker?

Answer 13

non-selective block both B1 and B2 adrenergic receptors

Question 14

b1 receptor regulates heart rate and myocardial contractility.
true or false?

Answer 14

true

Question 15

There is difference in the degree of
antihypertensive activity between the two groups
(selective beta blockers vs non-selective beta
blockers
true or false?

Answer 15

false, there is no difference

Question 16

metoprolol
atenolol
acebutolol
are selective or on selective beta receptors blockers?

Answer 16

selective for beta one revceptors

Question 17

Prazosin and Doxazosin, which selectively block?

Answer 17

α1 receptors

Question 18

what Calcium-channel Blockers do?

Answer 18

they block the voltage-dependent L-type calcium channels in the membrane of the smooth muscle cells of the vessel

Question 19

which blockers During excitation, they cause vasodilatation by inhibiting the
Ca ++ entry from these channels?

Answer 19

Calcium-channel Blockers

Question 20

Calcium-channel Blockers are divided into 3 types according to their chemical structure
what are they?

Answer 20

1. 1,4 Dihydropyridine (DHP) derivatives
2. Phenylalkylamine derivatives (Verapamil)
3. Benzothiazepine derivatives (Diltiazem)

Question 21

group of drugs mainly dilate arterioles.
and They increase the blood flow to the kidney (they protect kidneys)
are?

Answer 21

Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and other angiotensin receptor blockers/antagonists (ARB

Question 22

how can we start the treatment of hypertension?

Answer 22

ACEI or ARB+CCB or diuretic

Question 23

the triple treatment of hypertension is?

Answer 23

ACEI or ARB+ CCB+ Diuretic

Question 24

thickening of ventricular chambers is?

Answer 24

Congestive Heart Failure

Question 25

how to overcome the decreased cardiac output (CO)?

Answer 25

A. Increased sympathetic tone B. Activation of Renin-Angiotensin-Vasopressin system C. Increased body fluid volum

Question 26

Increased sympathetic tone and Activation of Renin-Angiotensin-Vasopressin system result in?

Answer 26

increased peripheral vascular resistance (PVR)

Question 27

Congestive Heart Failure Results in?

Answer 27

Oedema in peripheral tissues (swelling in legs) Oedema in lungs (breathlessness) Decreased exercise tolerance

Question 28

1. increase force of contraction (Cardiac glycosides) 2. decrease fluid excretion (Diuretics) 3. Vasodilation (Vasodilators) 4. decrease PVR & aldosterone secretion (ACE inhibitors) which one of the above for Therapeutic strategies in congestive heart failure is wrong?

Answer 28

2. decrease fluid excretion correction, increase

Question 29

what are Cardiac Glycosides (Digoxin, Digitoxin) effects?

Answer 29

increase Force of contraction Positive inotropic action

Question 30

Cardiac Glycosides they do not increase the oxygen consumption of the heart much, they increase the efficiency of the heart true or false?

Answer 30

true

Question 31

the anticoagulant and thrombolytics are effective in treatment of only arterial thrombosis true or false?

Answer 31

false, antiplatelets

Question 32

Streptokinase, urokinase Alteplase, reteplase are?

Answer 32

Thrombolytic Drugs

Question 33

list some Anticoagulant Drugs

Answer 33

heparin, warfarin, and direct thrombin inhibitor

Question 34

n has rapid onset of action, used parenterally is?

Answer 34

heparin

Question 35

aspirin is?

Answer 35

Antiplatelet Drugs

Question 36

Platelets play a central role in?

Answer 36

pathologic coronary and cerebral artery occlusion

Question 37

Aspirin is used to?

Answer 37

prevent further infarcts in persons who have had 1 or more myocardial infarcts-transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), ischemic stroke

Question 38

after MI or placement of a coronary artery stent which drug is used?

Answer 38

Antiplatelet like Clopidogrel, ticagrelor, prasugrel

Question 39

Vitamin K Clotting factors/desmopressin Antiplasmin agents are all used for?

Answer 39

bleeding disorders