Cardiovascular Disease p2

Question 1

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) is a hole in the wall (septum) between the ___ chambers of the heart called the ventricles.

Answer 1

Lower chambers of the heart

Question 2

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is a hole in the wall (septum) between the ___ chambers of the heart called the atria.

Answer 2

Upper chambers of the heart

Question 3

Septal Defects - ASD & VSD
Clinical signs:
Dx:
Tx:

Answer 3

1. Signs:
   - ASD: Soft systolic murmur, split-second heart sound.
   - VSD: Harsh, holosystolic murmur, right sternal border.
2. Dx:
   - Radiographs: show right side ASD. VSD pulmonary over circulation.
   - Echocardiology: demonstrates the septal defect
3. Tx:
   - ASD & VSD: medical management of CHF

Question 4

Subaortic Stenosis (SAS) is a lesion that consists of thickening of the ___ tissue below the aortic valve.

Answer 4

Endocardial tissue

Question 5

In subaortic stenosis (SAS) thickening of endocardial tissue results in obstruction to outflow producing… (3)

Answer 5

1. Left ventricular hypertrophy
2. Left atrial hypertrophy
3. Dilation of the aorta

Question 6

Subaortic stenosis (SAS)
1. Signs (3)
2. Dx (3)
3. Tx (2)

Answer 6

1. Signs:
   - Exercise intolerance
   - Left CHF
   - Breed
   - And more
2. Dx:
   - Rads
   - ECG
   - Echocardiography
3. Tx:
   - Restricted exercise
   - Propranolol w/syncope & increased pressure gradients

Question 7

Patent ductus arteriosus is failure of the ductus arteriosus to ___ after parturition, which results in blood ___ from the systemic circulation to the pulmonary artery.

Answer 7

1. Failure to CLOSE after parturition
2. Results in blood SHUNTING

Question 8

Patent ductus arteriosus
1. Signs (3)
2. Dx
3. Tx

Answer 8

1. Signs:
   - Loud murmur over thorax
   - Female dogs, breed
   - Can be asymptomatic
2. Dx:
   - ECG
   - Rads
3. Tx:
   - Sx of duct ligation (2yrs old or younger)
   - Coil or Amplatz embolization