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Small Animal Medicine > Animal Behavior > Flashcards

Animal Behavior Flashcards

1
Q

Ethology

A

Study of animal behavior

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2
Q

Behavior definition

A

Action performed in response to stimulus (circular def, sorry)

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3
Q

Stimulus definition

A

Something that elicits a response (circular def, sorry)

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4
Q

There are 12 stimuli, list a few

A
  1. Sight
  2. Touch
  3. Smell
  4. Taste
  5. Sound
  6. Heat
  7. Light
  8. Chemicals
  9. Humidity
  10. Vibration
  11. Color
  12. Gravity
  13. Pressure
  14. Presence of another animal
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5
Q

External stimulus

A

Something outside the animal
- Sound, sight, smell, etc
- Presence of another animal

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6
Q

Internal stimulus

A

Something inside the animal
- Hunger, fatigue, feeling cold
- Hormones

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7
Q

Fixed Action Pattern (FAP)

A
  • A highly stereotypical, innate behavior that cont to completion after initiation by external stimulus
  • Considered to be hardwired and innate, meaning they do not require learning or experience to be performed
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8
Q

Anthropomorphism

A

Attributing human emotions to animals

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9
Q

T/F: Animals have emotions, but not necessarily the same as ours

A

True!

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10
Q

Behavior development: Natural selection

A

An animal that successfully completes a helpful behavior that survives to pass on the behavior to offspring.
- Those who give genes fit the conditions survive.

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11
Q

Behavior development: Innate behavior

A

Appear fully functional form when first performed
- Web building, suckling, bird begging
- Nest building, some bird songs
- Herding

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12
Q

Behavior development: Learning (2)

IMPORTANT

A
  1. Development of behaviors thru experience
  2. Determines final shape of innate behaviors
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13
Q

Behavior development:
Learning
List the 6 types

A
  1. Imprinting
  2. Habituation
  3. Classical conditioning
  4. Operant conditioning
  5. Reasoning
  6. Sensitization
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14
Q

Imprinting learning: (3)

A
  1. Both innate & learned
  2. Occurs only during a critical time frame
  3. Once learned, cannot be changed
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15
Q

Habituation learning:

A

Animal learns to ignore frequent, harmless stimulus.

Ex: Like how you do with the phones ringing at work

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16
Q

Sensitization learning:

A

Increased response to stimuli with increased exposure
- Nail trim
- Submissive urination

17
Q

Classical conditioning learning:

A

Animal learns to associate unrelated response with a stimulus
- Pavlov’s experiment
- Bell rings -> food -> salivation
- Bell rings -> salivation even without food present

18
Q

Operant conditioning learning: (3)

A
  1. Animal learns to behave in a certain way thru repeated practice
  2. Trial & error learning: animal tests conditions for desired response
  3. Types: Pos/Neg reinforcement; Pos/Neg punishment (4 total)
19
Q

The types of operant conditioning:
Positive reinforcement

A

Give good item for good behavior

20
Q

The types of operant conditioning:
Positive punishment

A

Give bad item for bad behavior

21
Q

The types of operant conditioning:
Negative reinforcement

A

Remove a bad item for good behavior

22
Q

The types of operant conditioning:
Negative punishment

A

Remove good item for bad behavior

23
Q

Foraging behavior

A
  • Feeding
  • Locate, obtain, & consume food
24
Q

Parental care behavior

A
  • Ensuring survival of young
  • Carrying, nursing, cuddling, holding young, guarding
25
Q

Courtship behavior

A
  • Attracting a mate
  • Courtship displays, bright feathers, songs
  • Vocalizations, head butting, fighting
26
Q

Reproductive behavior

A
  • Mating
  • Giving birth
27
Q

Offensive/Defensive behavior

A
  • Aggression, submissive behavior
  • Defense from aggressors
  • Ex: hiding, fighting, escape, threatening
28
Q

Territorial behavior

A
  • Protect a resource for exclusive use
  • Protection of mate/offspring
  • Space, food, or water source
29
Q

Social behavior

A
  • Work to create alliances
  • Help the group:
    a. Grooming, babysitting
    b. Defense of musk ox young
    c. Play, play fight
30
Q

Migratory

A

Moving to a more suitable environment as seasons change.
- Dry vs rainy seasons
- Winter vs summer
This can be done for breeding, browers & birds

31
Q

Communication behavior

A

Signaling between one animal & another
- Greeting
- Alarm
- Aggression
- Non aggression
- Grooming
- Vocalizations

32
Q

Curiosity behavior

A

Investigating new stimuli

33
Q

Elimination behavior

A

Urination, defecation, vomiting

34
Q

Resting behavior

A

Sleeping, basking

35
Q

PLAY! behavior

A

Practice for life
- Hunting
- Defense
- Courtship

**This is a luxury for animal with ample food. Give any animal a toy, & it will play!!

Small Animal Medicine (18 decks)

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