Cardiopulmonary Exam- Pathologies- Bronchiectasis

Question 1

is bronchiectasis obstructive or restrictive?

Answer 1

obstructive (exhale)

Question 2

give 9 points relating to body functions/structures?

Answer 2

• chronic/long term abnormal widening of airways
• build up of excess mucus makes lungs more vulnerable to infection
• persistent/productive cough
• hyperproduction of mucus
• SOB/increased WOB
• wheezing if sputum plugging- reduces sats
• hypoxia if sputum plugging- reduces sats
• coarse crackles heard in auscultation
• possible chest/joint pain

Question 3

give 4 points relating to activities?

Answer 3

• reduced exercise tolerance due to breathlessness
• difficulty walking long distances
• susceptible to regular chest infections means limited ability to do day to day activities
• SOB limits ability to do general household tasks etc

Question 4

give 4 points relating to participation?

Answer 4

• unable to do sport due to SOB/cough/frequent chest infections
• may be unable to continue working especially if there is an increased risk of chest infection, and also increased WOB
• difficulty participating in social activities/hobbies
• may need support to care for family etc

Question 5

give 2 points relating to environmental factors?

Answer 5

• if only 1 part of lung is affected it may be due to something like a non-cancerous growth or even something small inhaled that is causing a blockage
• breathing in ammonia/other toxic gases or liquids can cause bronchiectasis

Question 6

give 6 points relating to personal factors?

Answer 6

• personal goals?
• co morbidities? e.g. asthma, autoimmune disease
• support networks?
• family medical history?
• mental health issues?
• age/gender (>70, more prevalent in males but more serious in women)