Cardiopulmonary Exam- Muscles Flashcards
diaphragm?
origin: xiphoid, internal surfaces 7th-12th costal cartilages/ribs, medial/lateral arcuate ligaments, l1/l3
insertion: central tendon
action: primary muscle of inspiration
intercostals?
consist of external, internal and innermost intercostals.
group of muscles that connect adjacent ribs.
involved in movement of ribs; some elevate during inspiration, some depresses during expiration. also provide structural support
sternocleidomastoid?
origin: 2 heads-
sternal= anterior of manubrium
clavicular= medial 1/3 clavicle
insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone/ superior nuchal line of occipital bone
action: flexes/laterally flexes neck, rotates head
trapezius?
superior muscle on posterior
origin: external occipital protuberance/superior nuchal line of occipital bone/ nuchal ligament/ spinous processes c7-t12
insertion: posterior lateral 1/3 clavicle/ acromion/ scapula spine
action: elevates, depresses, retracts, upward rotates shoulder girdle (acromioclavicular/sternoclavicular joints)/ extends, laterally flexes head and neck
scaleni?
3 muscles- scalenus anterior, medius, posterior
origin:
ANTERIOR= anterior tubercles of transverse processes of c3-c6
MEDIUS= transverse processes c2-c7
POSTERIOR= posterior tubercles transverse processes
c4-c6
insertion:
ANTERIOR= scalene tubercle 1st rib
MEDIUS= superior surface 1st rib
POSTERIOR= external surface 2nd rib
action: laterally flexes neck (A,M,P)/ elevates 1st/2nd rib respectively, flexes/rotates neck (A)
levatores costarum?
origin: transverse processes c7-t11
insertion: superior/external surfaces 1st-12th ribs
action: elevate ribs at costovertebral joints
rectus abdominus?
deep to obliques
origin: pubic crest/ pubic symphysis
insertion: xiphoid process/ costal cartilages 5th-7th ribs
action: flexes trunk/ compresses and supports adjacent ab structures
external obliques?
superior muscle on anterior lower 1/2 trunk
origin: external surfaces/inferior borders of 5th-12th ribs
insertion: anterior super iliac spine/ anterior 1/2 iliac crest/ pubic crest/ linea alba
action: flexes, laterally flexes, rotates trunk/ compresses and supports adjacent ab structures
internal obliques?
deep to external oblique
origin: thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament
insertion: inferior 10th-12th ribs, adjacent costal cartilages, linea alba, pectin pubis
action: flexes, laterally flexes, rotates trunk/ compresses and supports adjacent ab structures
transverse abdominus?
deep to EO/IO/RA
origin: costal cartilages 7th-12th ribs, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament
insertion: linea alba, pubic crest, pectin pubis
action: compresses and supports adjacent ab structures
deltoid?
A, L, P
origin: A=lateral 3rd clavicle, L=acromion, P= scap. spine
insertion: A,L,P= deltoid tuberosity of humerus
abducts/extends shoulder (relevant to cardio)
biceps brachii?
origin:
long head =cylindrical tendon at supraglenoid tubercle of scapula within shoulder joint capsule
short head= short flat tendon from apex of coracoid process (anterosuperior to origin of coracobrachialis)
insertion: long and short bellies converge and travel inferiorly to form a single tendon that inserts onto radial tuberosity
action: elbow flexion, shoulder flexion, supinates forearm
triceps?
3 heads- medial, long, lateral
origin:
long= infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
medial= inferior to radial nerve groove of humerus
lateral= superior to radial nerve groove of humerus
insertion: all 3 heads converge to single tendon inserting on superior aspect of olecranon (ulna)
action: extends elbow joint
can be palpated with elbow flexed 90degrees, hand on table and pushing down
long= high up on posterior humerus
medial head= just above olecranon
lateral= upper lateral part, near biceps brachii
