Cardiopulmonary Diagnostic Testing

Question 1

What does the predictive value of a test reflect?

Answer 1

reflects sensitivity and specificity

Question 2

How is gender an influencing factor for accuracy of diagnostic tests?

Answer 2

ST elevation is not as big for females as males

Question 3

What medication can influence testing?

Answer 3

Beta-blockers

Question 4

How can diseases influence diagnostic testing?

Answer 4

They can mask issues

Question 5

How does diabetes influence diagnostic testing?

Answer 5

decreases sensation and circulation

Question 6

To get an accurate blood pressure reading, how far apart should you space tests?

Answer 6

2 days apart

Question 7

What 2 things can postural hypotension indicate?

Answer 7

vascular issues or dehydration

Question 8

How do you find the Ankle Brachial Index?

Answer 8

pressure of leg / pressure of arm

Question 9

What is considered a normal ABI?

Answer 9

1 or 1.1

Question 10

What is the ABI signifying intermittent claudication?

Answer 10

< 0.8

Question 11

What ABI is considered severe limb-threatening PAD?

Answer 11

< 0.25

Question 12

True/False: A 12-lead resting ECG shows a high sensitivity and specificity to ischemia.

Answer 12

False: It shows a low sensitivity and specificity

Question 13

In doing an exercise ECG, a false + is indicated when there are less than how many risk factors?

Answer 13

< 2

Question 14

Is the sensitivity and specificity high or low in an exercise ECG?

Answer 14

sensitivity: low
specificity: high

Question 15

What is considered the gold standard for determining status of coronary arteries and valves?

Answer 15

Cardiac catheterization (coronary angiography)

Question 16

What artery is used for entry during cardiac catheterization?

Answer 16

femoral artery

Question 17

What 4 things does a cardiac catheterization show?

Answer 17

1. blockages
2. stroke volume
3. cardiac output
4. ejection fraction

Question 18

What are the 3 main problems with cardiac catherization?

Answer 18

1. Allergic reaction
2. cost-roughly $3000
3. serious health complications (stroke, MI or death)

Question 19

True/False: Echocardiography can show heart wall motion abnormality and systolic/dyastolic function.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What main thing can a CT scan show in screening for cardiovascular issues?

Answer 20

presence of calcified plaque

Question 21

What imaging is used with venography?

Answer 21

x-rays after contrast medium injected

Question 22

What specific conditions can x-rays show?

Answer 22

cardiomegaly or heart displacement

Question 23

How does radionuclide imaging work?

Answer 23

Radioactive substance (techtinium 99) injected into blood, absorbed by unhealthy tissue, then looked at with gamma camera.

Question 24

What vein is a swan-ganz catheter inserted in?

Answer 24

jugular vein

Question 25

What 3 things can a swan-ganz catheter check?

Answer 25

1. pulmonary pressure
2. capillary wedge pressure
3. temperature changes

Question 26

An arterial line is placed at which artery and measures what 2 things?

Answer 26

placed at radial artery

measures arterial pressure and arterial blood gasses

Question 27

What 3 things does a CVP catheter show?

Answer 27

1. blood volume
2. vascular tone
3. venous return