Cardiac Review Game

Question 1

What is the fibroskeleton of the heart?

Answer 1

The fibrous attachments of the valves at the middle of the heart that gives structure and acts as an electrical insulator.

Question 2

What 3 layers compose the wall of a vessel?

Answer 2

Adventitia
media
intima

Question 3

Atherosis means what?

Answer 3

Fatty deposit

Question 4

Name 3 receptor types which are instrumental in cardiac reflexes.

Answer 4

Baroreceptors, mechanoreceptors, chemoreceptors

Question 5

Sclerosis means what?

Answer 5

Lack of compliance of the vessel

Question 6

What does BMI stand for?

Answer 6

basal metabolic index

Question 7

What is the formula for Max HR?

Answer 7

208 - .7xage.

Question 8

What is a MET?

Answer 8

Metabolic Equivalent of Tasks, a way of rating work. 1 is a person at rest, .9 is a person sleeping.

Question 9

The heart begins to develop on what day of gestation? what day does it begin beating? circulates?

Answer 9

Day 19. Beats at 22 days. Circulates at 24 days.

Question 10

Intercalated discs perform what function?

Answer 10

Help to transmit electrical impulses, causing heart muscles to contract as a group (syncytium).

Question 11

What vessels empty into the R atrium?

Answer 11

Superior and Inferior vena cava, coronary sinus.

Question 12

There are 3 internodal pathways from the SA node to the AV node. What are their names?

Answer 12

Middle tract of Wenckebach, anterior tract of Bachmann, and posterior tract of Thorel.

Question 13

What conduction pathway takes the impulse through the fibrous skeleton?

Answer 13

Bundle of His

Question 14

What is atrial kick?

Answer 14

The extra filling of the ventricle caused by the contraction of the atria.

Question 15

Name some factors which influence stroke volume.

Answer 15

Myocardial muscle length, neural stimulation, drugs, hormones, disease

Question 16

Do RBC’s have a nucleus? How long do they last?

Answer 16

No nucleus and they last 120 days

Question 17

How does the heart respond to the baroreptors in the carotid sinus and aorta?

Answer 17

When BP is increased the sympathetic activity is decreased. HR decreases, peripheral resistance decreases and parasympathetic is increased.

Question 18

What are the symptoms of a PE?

Answer 18

Chest pain, dyspnea, diaphoresis, cough, apprehension.

Question 19

Name the 3 sections of the aorta

Answer 19

ascending (arch), thoracic, and abdominal.

Question 20

What is the saturation of oxygenated blood?

deoxygenated?

Answer 20

oxygenated: 96-97%
deoxygenated: 75%

Question 21

Difference between arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, and arteriolosclerosis.

Answer 21

arteriosclerosis: hardening of med and large arteries
atherosclerosis: hardening due to known plaque, considered the disease.
arteriolosclerosis: hardening of the arterioles

Question 22

What is the Bainbridge Reflex?

Answer 22

If the atrium is stretched and the HR is normal, HR will increase. If stretched and HR is fast, HR will decrease.