Cardiomyopathy Flashcards
What is the end result of cardiomyopathy?
HF, arrhythmias, death
What type of heart dysfunction does Dilated Cardiomyopathy Cause?
Causes?
Systolic Dysfunction: Left ventricle becomes large and dilated and can’t pump blood out.
Caused by genetics, viral myocarditis, ETOH, Postpartum (immune problem)
What is the key test for making Dx of Dilated Cardiomyopathy? CXR findings? Signs? EKG findings? Tx?
Echo shows a decreased ejection fraction.
CXR shows large heart, fluffy infiltrates and curly B lines.
Signs: crackles, JVD, S3
EKG nonspecific
Produces CHF sxs so treat like that.
What does Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy do?
This causes 2 other problems around the aorta?
What type of person gets this and what is the main sign?
What do you see on the CXR?
Tx?
Avoid what?
Causes abnormal thickening of the heart muscle mainly affecting left ventricle.
Get hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (more turbulent flow) and septal hypertrophy.
Athlete with exercise induced syncope.
CXR shows a normal heart.
Use a BB to slow strength of contraction
No Epi. (Inotrope)
With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, what does the Valsalva maneuver do?
What does the valsalva maneuver do?
What does the (stand to squat) squatting maneuver do?
Increases the sound of the murmur in Hypertrophy, because less blood comes back to the heart (decreased preload), so decreases efficiency of heart.
Decreases the sound of the murmur and it forces venous return to the heart (opposite effect of Valsalva)
What is a cause of restrictive cardiomyopathy?
How do you make the diagnosis?
Amyloidosis.
Dx: endomyocardial biopsy.
What are Sxs of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?
What is the heart sound associated with this?
Dyspnea and angina. Syncope and arrythimas are common.
Apical S4 gallop corresponding to left ventricular hypertrophy.
What cardiomyopathy has diastolic dysfunction as the hallmark finding?
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
