cardio 6 Flashcards
why are diuretics used in heart failure
to relieve oedema and work load on heart
which two drugs cause K loss
thiazides and furosemide
what is a K sparing diuretic
spironolactone
how does spironolactone act
aldosterone antagonist
what does spironlactone cause
K retention, Na loss, H2o loss
how do vasodilators work on a normal subject, do they increase or decrease heart rate
dilate veins: decrease preload & cardiac output
dilate arteries: decrease arterial pressure decrease afterlaod
decreased cardiac output = decrease BP
baroceptors = increased HR
hypotension and tachycardia
how do vasodilators work on heart failure subject
decrease afterload and increase cardiac output
BP does not fall
what physiological effects does angiotensin II have
vasoconstriction and fluid rentetion via aldosterone
what do ACE inhibitors do
inhibit angiotensin II
vasodilation
Na loss
K retention
preventt catabolism of bradykin (NO)
what csauses the dry cough associated with ACE inhibitors
bradykin
what are the two ace inhibitors of interest
enalapril captopril
why are ACE inhibitors thought to worsen covid
increase ACE2
what can ACE inhibitors be combined with and why
thiazides or diuretics
balance out K
what are the ARBs of interest
losartan candesartan telmisartan
what is a sympatholytic agent
beta blocker
