Cardio Flashcards
What is the LDL equation?
LDL = TC - HDL - TG/5
Equation can’t be used when TG > 400
High intensity statins are indicated for whom?
- LDL ≥ 190
2. LDL 70 - 189 AND diabetes AND aged 40-75
High intensity Lipitor dose?
40-80mg
Generic of Crestor?
Rosuvastatin
Generic of Lipitor?
Atorvastatin
High intensity Crestor dose?
20-40mg
Statin interactions?
Niacin and fibrates (specifically gemfibrozil)
Generic of Zocor?
Simvastatin
2 statins have many drug interactions, which ones are they?
Simvastatin + lovastatin; with grapefruit, protease inhibitors, azoles, macrolides (except zithromax) and amiodarone
Which cholesterol lowering drug can increase uric acid and BG?
Niacin
Which cholesterol drug can increase LDL?
Fish oil (not with Vascepa (Icosapent ethyl) though)
MOA of fibrates
PPAR alpha activators
Niacin MOA
Decreased hepatic synthesis of VLDL
Zetia MOA
Inhibits cholesterol in small intestines
When to start Tx for HTN?
- ≥140 or ≥90
2. 130-139 or 80-89 AND ASCVD risk ≥10% or CVD
Initial drug selection for HTN?
- Non blacks = thiazide, CCB, ACEi or ARBs
2. Blacks = thiazide or CCB
Generic of Lotrel?
Amlodipine / Benazepril
Generic of Microzide?
HCTZ
What are the Beta-1 selective BB?
Atenolol, Esmolol, Metoprolol
HTN and Pregnancy?
Use labetalol, Nifedipine ER, or methyldopa
Which BB are taken with food?
Metoprolol and carvedilol
Ziac generic?
Bisoprolol / HCTZ
Unique AE of olmesartan?
Sprue-like enteropathy
Brand of olmesartan?
Benicar
Which PPIs should be avoided with Plavix?
Omeprazole + esomeprazole
Brand of omeprazole?
Prilosec
Brand of esomeprazole?
Nexium
General Antianginal Tx?
Beta - blockers, CCB, Nitrates, and Ranolazine
Brand of Ranolazine?
Ranexa
Ranolazine AE?
QT prolongation
ACS general Tx plan?
MONA-GAP–BA
Brand of Ticagrelor?
Brillanta
C/I of Prasugrel?
Serious bleeds or h/x of TIA or stroke
C/I of Ticagrelor?
Just bleeds
Which P2Y12i should be stopped 7 days prior to surgery?
Prasugrel, the others are 5 days
Which P2Y12i should not have ASA exceed 100mg?
Ticagrelor
Therapeutic range of digoxin in CHF?
0.5 - 0.9
Which meds used in CHF dont improve survival?
Ivabradine + digoxin
Generic of Vasotec
Enalapril
What is the difference between thiazides and loop diuretics in terms of which electrolytes are affected?
Loop = K, Mg, Na, Cl, and Ca are all lowered
Thiazides = Same, except Ca is increased
What are the class 2 anti-arrhythmics?
Beta Blockers
What are the class 1c anti-arrhythmics?
Flecainide + Propafenone
What are the class 4 anti-arrhythmics?
Verapamil + Diltiazem
What are the class 1b anti-arrhythmics?
Lidocaine + Mexiletine
What are the class 1a anti-arrhythmics?
Disopyramide, Qunidine, Procainamide
Therapeutic range of digoxin for A.Fib?
0.8 - 2.0
What are the class 3 anti-arrhythmics?
Amiodarone, Sotalol
What is nimodipine used for?
Used orally to prevent vasospams in acute subarachnoid hemorrhages
