Cardiac Masses Flashcards
What does this represent?
Aberrant chordae
What is the arrow pointing to?
Crista terminalis
What is the arrow pointed to?
Eustachian valve
What can we see in the RA?
Chairi network
What does this image represent?
Persistent left superior vena cava
Fill in the chart
Label
What does this image represent?
Myxoma
When do we hear with a myxoma?
During diastole on the S1 maybe S2
What can you notice about this image? (Look at the mass, it would be moving in and out)
Myxoma in PLAX
What is this mass?
Myxoma - tiny necrotic areas A3C zoom LA
What does this image?
Myxoma, and we would hear a mitral stenosis murmur - diastolic rumble at the apex
This can also be called a plop
What does this image represent? What view is this?
Myxoma in TEE (there is a Myxoma in he RA)
What does this image represent?
Lambl’s excrescence
Lambl’s excrescence is seen where?
Usually at the valves
What does this image represent?
Papillary fibroelastoma
What does this image represent?
Lipoma
What does this image represent?
Lipoma
What does this image represent?
Lipomatous hypertrophy of the IAS
What is the arrows pointing to?
- Foramen ovale flap on top
- Atrial septal walls on bottom
What does this image represent?
Lipomatous hypertrophy of the IAS
What is the arrows pointing to?
Rhabdomyoma
What does this image represent?
Angiosarcoma
What does this image represent?
Rhabdomyosarcoma
What does this image represent?
Metastatic tumor
What does this image represent?
Carcinoid doppler (Severe/ Massive TR)
What does this image represent?
- Dilated IVC on the right (due to Carcinoid)
- Hepatic vein reversal (due to Carcinoid)
What does this image represent?
Metastatic IVC tumour
What is the definition of a cardiac mass?
An abnormal structure in or immediately adjacent to the heart
What are 3 basic types of cardiac masses?
- Tumor
- Thrombus
- Vegetation
What are 5 advantages of echo evaluations for masses?
- Dynamic evaluation
- Anatomic structure and tissue characterization
- Physiologic effect of mass
- Associated abnormalities
- Predisposing factors
What are two disadvantage for for echo evaluation of masses?
- Suboptimal image quality
- Mistaking artifact for a mass
How are three ways we can differentiate a mass from normal or variant structures? (Think Artifact)
- Near field artifact “ring down”
- Beam width artifact
- Double image artifact
What is another name for aberrant chordae?
false tendon
What is aberrant chordae?
Chordae attaching from the free wall or pap muscle to the IVS
What are three RA structures that mimic masses?
- Crista terminalis
- Eustachian valve
- Chiari network
What is the crista terminalis?
Small crescent shaped ridge near the SVC and fossa ovalis
What is the eustachian valve?
Membranous structure (flap) near the IVC extending towards the fossa ovalis
What are three things to note about the chiari network?
- It is a delicate membranous structure in the RA near the IVC
- It is highly mobile
- Acts like a valve for the coronary sinus
What are two types of cardiac tumors?
- Primary
- Metastatic
Which type of cardiac tumor is much more common?
Metastatic
What is the malignancy of primary cardiac tumors?
Can be either benign or malignant
What is a myxoma?
A benign tumor that is usually attached by a stalk to the internal septum (IAS)
Which side carries myoxma’s most commonly?
LA
What is the sound of Myxoma?
Plop sound
How mobile are myxoma’s?
May be mobile with blood flow
What can Myxoma’s mimic? How?
May mimic MS/TS by partially or completely prolapsing in to the left
What is the demographic that is affected most by myxomas?
Female: male - 2:1