Carboxylic acids & Derivatives Flashcards
What to molecules react to form an ester?
Carboxylic acid/acid anhydride and alcohol
What are the conditions for esterification?
Conc Sulfuric acid
Reflux
How do you name an ester?
(Alcohol)yl (Carboxylic acid)anoate
What is the product of esterification with acid anhydride?
Ester and carboxylic acid
What are some uses of esters?
-Perfumes
-Solvents
-Plasticiser(makes plastic more flexible)
What is the IUPAC name for glycerol?
Propane-1,2,3-triol
What does the reaction of fats with NaOH form?
Soap
Why are unsaturated triglycerides oil?
As they cant pack together as tightly and have weaker vdws due to that
What are the conditions for the production of soap?
Heat
What is the reaction that produces soap called?
Saponification
What is soap?
Cabrboxylate and Na+
What is reacted to form biodiesel?
Vegetable oil and Methanol
(Potassium hydroxide catalyst)
What is the catalyst in the formation of biodiesel?
Potassium hydroxide
What are the products of biodiesel reaction?
Glycerol and Methyl esters
What do Acyl chlorides react with?
-Water
-Ammonia
-Alcohols
-Primary amine
What is the Cl on the acyl chloride always substituted for?
Oxygen or Nitrogen
Why is acid anhydride preferred over acyl chloride?
-As the reaction is less vigorous
-it produces carboxylic acid (safer than HCl)
-Less corrosive
-Cheaper
What is the product when Acyl chloride reacts with water?
Ethanoic acid
What is the product when Acyl chloride reacts with ammonia?
ethanamide
What is the product when Acyl chloride reacts with alcohol?
Ester
What is the product when Acyl chloride reacts with a primary amine?
N methyl-ethanamide
What reaction do acyl chlorides undergo?
Nucleophillic addition-elimination
What would a pure sample of aspirin look like vs crude aspirin?
It would have larger crystals that are lighter in colour
How does CO2 cause global warming?
The C=O bond absorbs infrared radiation that is emitted by the earth so heat stays in the atmosphere.
