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Chemistry > Carboxylic acids & Derivatives > Flashcards

Carboxylic acids & Derivatives Flashcards

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1
Q

What to molecules react to form an ester?

A

Carboxylic acid/acid anhydride and alcohol

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2
Q

What are the conditions for esterification?

A

Conc Sulfuric acid
Reflux

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3
Q

How do you name an ester?

A

(Alcohol)yl (Carboxylic acid)anoate

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4
Q

What is the product of esterification with acid anhydride?

A

Ester and carboxylic acid

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5
Q

What are some uses of esters?

A

-Perfumes
-Solvents
-Plasticiser(makes plastic more flexible)

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6
Q

What is the IUPAC name for glycerol?

A

Propane-1,2,3-triol

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7
Q

What does the reaction of fats with NaOH form?

A

Soap

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8
Q

Why are unsaturated triglycerides oil?

A

As they cant pack together as tightly and have weaker vdws due to that

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9
Q

What are the conditions for the production of soap?

A

Heat

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10
Q

What is the reaction that produces soap called?

A

Saponification

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11
Q

What is soap?

A

Cabrboxylate and Na+

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12
Q

What is reacted to form biodiesel?

A

Vegetable oil and Methanol
(Potassium hydroxide catalyst)

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13
Q

What is the catalyst in the formation of biodiesel?

A

Potassium hydroxide

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14
Q

What are the products of biodiesel reaction?

A

Glycerol and Methyl esters

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15
Q

What do Acyl chlorides react with?

A

-Water
-Ammonia
-Alcohols
-Primary amine

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16
Q

What is the Cl on the acyl chloride always substituted for?

A

Oxygen or Nitrogen

17
Q

Why is acid anhydride preferred over acyl chloride?

A

-As the reaction is less vigorous
-it produces carboxylic acid (safer than HCl)
-Less corrosive
-Cheaper

18
Q

What is the product when Acyl chloride reacts with water?

A

Ethanoic acid

19
Q

What is the product when Acyl chloride reacts with ammonia?

A

ethanamide

20
Q

What is the product when Acyl chloride reacts with alcohol?

A

Ester

21
Q

What is the product when Acyl chloride reacts with a primary amine?

A

N methyl-ethanamide

22
Q

What reaction do acyl chlorides undergo?

A

Nucleophillic addition-elimination

23
Q

What would a pure sample of aspirin look like vs crude aspirin?

A

It would have larger crystals that are lighter in colour

23
Q

How does CO2 cause global warming?

A

The C=O bond absorbs infrared radiation that is emitted by the earth so heat stays in the atmosphere.

24
Q

Name two ways the melting point of pure and crude aspirin would differ?

A

-Crude would have a lower melting point
-Crude would have a range of values

25
Q

How would you know an acyl chloride has reacted?

A

There will be misty/white fumes (HCl)

Chemistry (28 decks)

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