Alkanes Flashcards
What do ring alkanes have the same general formula as?
Alkenes
Why are alkanes almost non-polar?
As the electronegativities of the carbon and hydrogen are so similar.
What are the forces between alkanes?
Weak van der waals
Why do branched alkanes have a lower boiling point then straight chained ones?
As they cannot pack together as closely so van der waals forces are weaker.
Why are alkanes insoluble?
As the hydrogen bonds are much stronger than van der waals forces in between the alkanes.
Why are alkanes very unreactive?
As they have strong C-H and C-C bonds and therefore don’t react with acids, bases, oxidising and reducing agent.
Why are longer chained alkane cracked?
As shorter chained alkanes are more useful and valuable.
What are the two types of cracking?
-Thermal
-Catalytic
What pollutants do engines produce?
— NO is formed when nitrogen and oxygen react under high temperatures
— Sulfur dioxide is produced from impurities and causes acid rain
— Carbon particulatescause exacerbated asthma and cancer
— Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas
What are the two methods of Flue gas desulfurisation?
— Calcium oxide (lime) and water are sprayed onto the flue gas and forms calcium sulfite which can then form calcium sulfate or gypsum
— Calcium carbonate (limestone) instead of calcium oxide
