Aqueous ions Flashcards
Where is the bond formed on metal aqua ion?
The lone pair on the oxygen
What is the acidity of the ions?
+3 are acidic
+2 are neutral or weak acids
Why are +3 more acidic than +2?
As they have a greater charge so they polarise the O-H bond more so it breaks more easily
Which metal aqua ions react with excess hydroxide ions?
Aluminium 3+
What colour precipitate does Iron(II) aqua ion form with hydroxide ion?
Green
What colour precipitate does Copper(II) aqua ion form with hydroxide ion?
Blue
What colour precipitate does Iron(III) aqua ion form with hydroxide ion?
Brown
What colour precipitate does Aluminium(III) aqua ion form with hydroxide ion?
White
What colour precipitate does Aluminium(III) aqua ion form with excess hydroxide ion?
Colourless solution
Which metal hydroxide is amphoteric?
Aluminium
Why is NH3 a weak base?
As it reacts with water to form OH- and NH4+
What colour precipitate does Aluminium(III) aqua ion form with NH3?
White
What colour precipitate Iron(II) aqua ion form with NH3?
Green then brown when left in air
What colour precipitate Iron(III) aqua ion form with NH3?
Brown
What colour precipitate Copper(II) aqua ion form with NH3?
blue
Which metal aqua ion reacts with excess NH3 (Ammonia)?
Copper
What colour precipitate Copper(II) aqua ion form with excess NH3?
Deep Blue
What is the reaction when copper(II) reacts with excess NH3 (ammonia)?
Partial ligand substitution forming [Cu(H2O)2(NH3)4)]2+
What happens when sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) reacts with 2+ ions?
They form metal carbonates with precipitates
Why don’t 3+ ions form metal carbonates?
As they are more acidic so the carbonate reacts with H3O+
How can +2 and +3 ions be distinguished?
React them with carbonate ions as the +3 will effervesce whilst +2 will not
What colour precipitate Iron(II) aqua ion form with Na2CO3?
Green
What colour precipitate Copper(III) aqua ion form with Na2CO3?
Blue Green
What colour precipitate Iron(III) aqua ion form with Na2CO3?
Brown
