Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Chemistry > carboxylic acids > Flashcards

carboxylic acids Flashcards

1
Q

general formula ca

A

CnH2nO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

functional group ca

A

-COOH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

types of carboxylic acid

A
  • straight chain
  • branched chain
  • dicarboxylic acid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

why do carboxylic acids have relatively high mp and bp

A

form H bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

why are carboxylic acids with a low mr soluble in water

A

due to h bonding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what do carboxylic acids form in water

A

dimers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

acid

A

substance that donates H+ ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

why are carboxylic acids weak acids

A

they only partially dissociate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

acid + base >?

A

salt + water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

acid + carbonate >?

A

salt + water + co2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

acid + metal >?

A

salt + hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what do carboxylic acids react to form

A

carboxylate salts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why are carboxylate salts soluble in water

A

theyre ionic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

methanoic acid + potassium hydroxide >

A

potassium methanoate + water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

symbol equation methanoic acid + potassium hydroxide >

A

HCOOH + KOH > HCOO-K+ + H20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ethanoic acid + sodium >

A

sodium ethanoate + hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

symbol equation ethanoic acid + sodium >

A

CH3COOH + NA > CH3COO-Na+ + 1/2 H2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

ethanoic acid + magnesium >

A

magnesium ethanoate + hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

symbol equation ethanoic acid + magnesium >

A

CH3COOH + MG > (CH3COO-)2 MG2+ + H2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

propanoic acid + sodium carbonate >?

A

sodium propanoate + water + co2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

symbol equation propanoic acid + sodium carbonate >?

A

2CH3CH2COOH + NA2CO3 > 2CH3CH2COONA + H2O +CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

test for carboxylic acids

A
  • sodium hydrogen carbonate

- effervescence due to co2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

esters general formula

A

CnH2nO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

esters functional group

A

-coo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what reaction can esters be prepared from
the reaction of a carboxylic acid + alcohol
26
ethanoic acid + methanol >?
methyl ethanoate + water
27
how are esters named
after parent alcohol and parent CA - alcohol portion start of name - ca portion at end
28
symbol equation ethanoic acid + methanol >?
CH3COOH + CH3OH >< CH3COOCH3 + H2O
29
PROPERTIES OF ESTERS
- sweet-smelling liquids, naturally occur in fruits | - lower boiling points and are less soluble in water than carboxylic acids because esters don't form h bonds
30
uses of esters
- perfumes - flavourings - solvents - plasticisers
31
by which 3 methods can esters be prepared in a lab
- ca and alcohol - acid anhydride and alcohol - acyl chloride and alcohol all condensation reactions
32
condensation reaction
a chemical reaction in which 2 molecules are joined together with the elimination of a small molecule
33
general equation esterification (ca + alcohol)
RCOOH + HOR1 <> RCOOR1 + H2O
34
catalyst esterification
conc h2so4
35
conditions esterfification
heat
36
ethanoic acid + ethanol symbol equation
CH3COOH + CH3CH2OH <> CH3COOCH2CH3 +H2O
37
general equation acid anhydride + alcohol
RCOOCOR + R1OH > RCOOR1 + RCOOH
38
GENERAL EQUATION ACYL CHLORIDE AND ALCOHOL
RCOCl + HOR1 > RCOOR1 + HCl
39
ETHANOYL CHLORIDE AND METHANOL SYMBOL EQUATION
CH3COCL + HOCH3 > CH3COOCH3 + HCL
40
what is aspirin an ester of
2 hydroxybenzoic acid
41
what is aspirin made of
salicylic acid + ethanoic anhydride
42
why is ethanoic anhydride used rather than ethanoyl chloride to make acid
- less vigorous - cheaper - HCl toxic, gaseous product
43
hydrolysis
breaking of a bond using water
44
what do the products obtained from the hydrolysis of an ester depend on
the conditions used for the reaction
45
acid hydrolysis of esters general equation
RCOOR1 + H2O <> RCOOH + R1OH
46
products of acid hydrolysis of esters
carboxylic acid + alcohol
47
conditions for acid hydrolysis of esters
heat, reflux and dilute, aqueous acid
48
symbol equation for acid hydrolysis of propyl ethanoate
CH3COOCH2CH2CH3 + H2O <> CH3COOH + CH3CH2CH2OH
49
general equation alkaline hydrolysis of esters
RCOOR1 + NaOH > RCOO-Na+ + R1OH
50
products of alkaline hydrolysis of esters
alcohol and carboxylate salt
51
conditions of alkaline hydrolysis of esters
heat, reflux and dilute and aqueous NaOH
52
how can the carboxylic acid be obtained from the sodium salt produced by alkaline hydrolysis of esters
adding an acid
53
how can triglycerides occur naturally
as animal fats and vegetable oils
54
what is a triglyceride
a triester of glycerol and fatty acids
55
structural formula glycerol
CH2OHCHOHCH2OH
56
IUPAC name for glycerol
propane 1,2,3 triol
57
what are fatty acids
long chain CA
58
differeces between fats and oils
- fat solid at room temp | - oil liquid at room temp
59
what do the triglycerides found in fats often contain
saturated fatty acids
60
what do the triglycerides found in oils often contain
unsaturated fatty acids
61
why can triglycerides be hydrolysed under alkaline conditions
they contain ester groups
62
products of alkaline hydrolysis of triglycerides
glycerol and sodium salt
63
conditions of alkaline hydrolysis of triglycerides
reflux
64
what are the sodium salts formed in hydrolysis of triglycerides used as
soaps
65
what is biodiesel a mixture of
methyl esters of long chain carboxylic acids
66
how can biodiesel be made
from triglyerides by transeterification
67
transeterification
vegetable oils reacted with ethanol in presence of KOH catalyst

Chemistry (42 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions