Carbohydrates Flashcards
one of the 4 macronutrients that is a primary energy source, especially for nerve cells
carbohydrates
how are carbohydrates synthesized?
by plants through photosynthesis
what is the end-product of carbohydrates?
glucose
carbohydrates that contain only one sugar molecule
monosaccharide
carbohydrates that contain two sugar molecules
disaccharides
what are 3 examples of monosaccharides?
glucose
fructose
galactose
what are 3 examples of disaccharides?
lactose
maltose
sucrose
carbohydrates that are long changes of sugar molecules, in which glucose predominates
complex carbohydrates
carbohydrate chains that are greater than 10
polysaccharides
how do plants store glucose?
as starch
name the 2 types of starch
amylose
amylopectin
how do animals store glucose?
as glycogen
where is glycogen stored in the body?
liver and muscles
components of the plant cell wall that include carbohydrate and non-carbohydrate molecules; two types include soluble and insoluble
fiber
what is the most abundant fiber molecule?
cellulose