Carbohydrates

Question 1

What are the monomers that make up carbohydrates called?

Answer 1

Monosaccharides

Question 2

Why is glucose a hexose monosaccharide?

Answer 2

Because it has 6 carbons

Question 3

What is a carbohydrate?

Answer 3

It is a molecule that contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

It provides energy and are used to build body structures

Question 4

What are 3 examples of monosaccharide?

Answer 4

glucose, fructose, ribose

Question 5

What are 3 examples of disaccharide?

Answer 5

lactose, sucrose, maltose

Question 6

What are 3 examples of polysaccharide?

Answer 6

glycogen, cellulose, starch

Question 7

define the term isomer

Answer 7

different shaped forms of same molecules

e.g. chain and ring of glucose

Question 8

What are the two types of glucose molecules.

Answer 8

Alpha glucose

Beta glucose

Question 9

How to differentiate between the two glucose molecules

Answer 9

Alpha molecule has OH group on the bottom

Beta molecule has OH group on the top

Question 10

What is a condensation reaction?

Answer 10

formation of a chemical bond and releases a molecule of water

Question 11

what is a hydrolysis reaction?

Answer 11

molecule of water reacts with the glycosidic bond, breaking the molecule apart.

Question 12

what is needed to form sucrose

Answer 12

alpha glucose + fructose

Question 13

what is needed to form maltose

Answer 13

2 alpha glucose

Question 14

what is needed to form lactose

Answer 14

alpha/beta glucose + galactose

Question 15

What are pentose monosaccharides?

Answer 15

sugars that contain 5 carbon atoms

Question 16

State the function of glycogen and explain how the structure of glycogen is linked to its function

Answer 16

Glycogen is a polysaccharide of alpha glucose which is used to store excess glucose in animals.
It has a branch structure, meaning glucose can be released quickly.
It’s also a very molecule, so it’s good for storage.