Carbohydrate Metabolism PPT (Part II) Flashcards
Means “splitting of sugar”
Glycolysis
Occurs in the cytosol of the cell
Glycolysis
Partially oxidizes glucose (6C) into two pyruvate (3C) molecules.
Glycolysis
Occurs whether or not oxygen is present.
Glycolysis
Occurs whether or not oxygen is present.
Glycolysis
Requires input of 2 ATP
Glycolysis
It involves splitting glucose into two molecules of Pyruvate
Glycolysis
Also produces 2 NADH and 4 ATP
Glycolysis
Requires input of 2 ATP
Glycolysis
Cyclical series of oxidation reactions that give off CO2 and produce one ATP per cycle
Krebs Cycle
Turns twice per glucose molecule
Krebs Cycle
Turns twice per glucose molecule
Krebs Cycle
Produces two ATP
Krebs Cycle
Located in the inner membrane of the mitochondria.
Electron Transport Chain
Oxygen pulls the electrons from NADH and FADH2 down the electron transport chain to a lower energy state
Electron Transport Chain
Process produces 34 ATP or 90% of the ATP in the body.
Electron Transport Chain
Requires oxygen, the final electron acceptor.
Electron Transport Chain
Electron Transport Chain:
For every FADH2 molecule – _____ ATP’s are produced
2
Electron Transport Chain:
For every NADH molecule – ____ ATP’s are produced.
3
the production of ATP using the energy of H+ gradients across membranes to phosphorylate ADP.
Chemiosmosis
A protein in the inner membrane in the mitochondria.
ATP Synthase
Uses energy of the ion gradient to power ATP synthesis.
ATP Synthase
Glycolysis:
2 NADH 🡪 _____ ATP
4-6 ATP
Formation of Acetyl CoA:
2 NADH 🡪 ______ ATP
6 ATP
Krebs Cycle:
6 NADH 🡪 ____ ATP
18 ATP
Krebs Cycle:
2 FADH2 🡪 ____ ATP
4 ATP
How much is the grand total ATP produced in our body?
36
It is the end product of glycolysis.
2 Pyruvate
What phase of glycolysis involves the breakdown of ATP?
1st Phase
What phase of glycolysis uses 2 ATP?
1st Phase
What phase of glycolysis produces 4 ATPs and 2 NADH?
2nd Phase
What is the needed monosaccharides to enter the bloodstream?
ATP
Too much of this leads to acidosis and imbalance of homeostasis.
Lactate
It is the breakdown of glycogen.
GLYCOGENOLYSIS
Glucose to pyruvate
Glycolysis
Pyruvate to glucose
Gluconeogenesis
Glucose to the form of glycogen
Glycogenesis