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NDT > cap 8 Materiales > Flashcards

cap 8 Materiales Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. A joining procedure that is defined as the permanent union of metallic surfaces by establishing atom-to-atom bonds between surfaces is known as:

a. casting.
b. forging.
c. welding.
d. molding .

A

c. welding.

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2
Q
  1. The most common method of joining two parts together is:

a. welding.
b. brazing .
c. fusion.
d. threaded fasteners.

A

d. threaded fasteners.

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3
Q
  1. The nature of bonding requires that the materials to be joined meet the requirements of both atomic cleanliness and:
    a. atomic neutrality.
    b. atomic closeness.
    c. atomic structure.
    d. atomic similarity
A

b. atomic closeness.

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4
Q
  1. The solidification of both the base and filler metals of a fusion weld produce a localized area of material whose properties resemble that of a(n):

a. casting.
b. forging.
c. extrusión.
d composite.

A

a. casting.

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5
Q
  1. The use of filler metal in fusion welds is nearly always necessary in sheet and structural materials that are over what thickness?

a. 13mm (1/2 in.)
b. 10mm (3/8 in.)
c. 6 mm (1/4 in.)
d. 3 mm (1/8 in.)

A

d. 3 mm (1/8 in.)

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6
Q
  1. Even though some inclusions are in the weld area, thereby lowering the unit strength, pressure-welded joints may be stronger than the original cross section as a result of the enlargement that occurs with plastic flow. The efficiency of pressure bonds based on the original area in the weld can be as high as:
    a. 80%.
    b. 90%.
    c. 95%.
    d. 110%.
A

c. 95%.

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7
Q
  1. When a filler material of a different composition and lower melting temperature than the base material is used the mechanism of bonding is known as:
    a. fusión bonding.
    b. flow bonding.
    c. atomic bonding.
    d. forge bonding.
A

b. flow bonding.

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8
Q
  1. There are three common operations that employ flow bonds. They are braze welding, soldering, and:
    a. welding.
    b. plating.
    c. brazing.
    d. casting.
A

c. brazing.

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9
Q
  1. During both brazing and soldering operations,
    filler metal is drawn into the joint by:
    a. excess heat.
    b. negative pressure.
    c. capillary action.
    d. oxide removal.
A

c. capillary action.

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10
Q
  1. Soldering occurs below what temperature?
    a. 315 °C (600 °F).
    b. 449 °C (840 °F).
    c. 840 °C (449 °F).
    d. 600 °C (315 °F).
A

b. 449 °C (840 °F).

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11
Q
  1. Brazing occurs above what temperature?
    a. 840 °C ( 449 °F).
    b. 315 °C (600 °F).
    c. 449 °C (840 °F).
    d. 600 °C (315 °F).
A

c. 449 °C (840 °F).

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12
Q
  1. Soldering operations for single components are typically performed using a hot Iron or torch fueled by propane or methyl acetylene-propadiene propane (MAPP) gas.
    Brazing requires the addition of______to produce a higher temperature.
    a. argón
    b. helium
    c. oxygen
    d. nitrogen
A

c. oxygen

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13
Q
  1. As the thickness of brazed joint increases, the strength of the joint:
    a. increases.
    b. decreases.
    c. remains the same.
    d. is not affected
A

b. decreases.

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14
Q
  1. The underlying mechanism responsible for adhesive bonding is surface adsorption. Surface adsorption involves the formation of relatively weak secondary bonds. Because of this principle mechanism for adhesion, successful adhesive bonding requires the joining of:
    a. surface areas of the exact same size.
    b. proportional surface areas.
    c. small surface areas.
    d. large surface areas.
A

d. large surface areas.

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15
Q
  1. Joint design aspects such as the size, length, and orientation of the joint, are based on stress
    calculations that take into consideration which of the following?

a. Welder preference, service loads and material properties.
b. Service loads, material properties, and accessibility.
c. Section properties service loads and material properties.

A

c. Section properties service loads and material properties.

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16
Q
  1. Fusion welding processes employ localized melting and solidification to join parts. Design of an appropriate weld joint can help reduce the______caused by the welding process..

a. misalignment
b. distortion
c. damage
d. discoloration

A

b. distortion

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17
Q
  1. There are five basic joint types used for welding. The configuration that aligns the edges to be welded in the same plane is known as a:
    a. corner joint.
    b. lap joint.
    c. tee joint.
    d. butt joint
A

d. butt joint

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18
Q
  1. The configuration that overlaps the edges to be
    welded is known as a:
    a. corner joint.
    b. lap joint.
    c. tee joint.
    d. butt joint
A

b. lap joint.

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19
Q
  1. The configuration that places one piece of material perpendicular to the other and away from the edges of the second piece is known as a(n):
    a. corner joint.
    b. lap joint.
    c. tee joint.
    d. edge joint.
A

c. tee joint.

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20
Q
  1. The configuration that places one piece of material perpendicular and aligned along one edge of the second piece is known as a(n):

a. corner joint.
b. lap joint.
c. tee joint.
d. edge joint.

A

a. corner joint.

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21
Q
  1. The relative ease with which a sound union may be produced between two parts by welding is known as the____________of a metal.

a. cohesion factor
b. adhesión factor
c. Young’s modulus
d. weldability

A

d. weldability

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22
Q
  1. Thermal conductivity of a metal affects its weldability. Which of the following metals has a very high thermal conductivity?
    a. Steel.
    b. Stainless steel
    c. Iron.
    d. Aluminum.
A

d. Aluminum.

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23
Q
  1. Post-heat treating of stainless steel weldments is nearly always required to restore:
    a. maximum hardenability.
    b. maximum corrosion resistance.
    c. minimum hardenability.
    d. minimum corrosion resistance.
A

b. maximum corrosion resistance.

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24
Q
  1. When a number of welds are to be made at a
    number of locations on a weldment, one way distortion may be controlled is by choosing the proper:
    a. filler material.
    b. base material thickness.
    c. base material composition.
    d. welding sequence.
A

d. welding sequence.

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25
Q
  1. The most universal solutions to the problems of stresses and distortion in a weldment are:

a. pre- and post-heat treatment.
b. base metal-filler metal compatibility.
c. base material composition.
d. base material reinforcement.

A

a. pre- and post-heat treatment.

26
Q
  1. On a welding symbol, the arrow side is located:

a. above the reference line.
b. below the reference line.
c. either above or below the reference line.
d. neither above nor below the reference line.

A

b. below the reference line.

27
Q
  1. On a welding symbol, specifications, processes, or other references are located:
    a. in the tail of the symbol.
    b. above the reference line.
    c. below the reference line.
    d. near the field weld symbol.
A

a. in the tail of the symbol.

28
Q
  1. A flag placed on the reference line at the break
    where the connecting arrow is attached denotes that the weld:
    a. is to go around the entire part.
    b. is to be accomplished in the shop.
    c. is to be accomplished in the field.
    d. may be accomplished at any time.
A

c. is to be accomplished in the field

29
Q
  1. In oxyacetylene welding, a reducing or carburizing flame prevents or reduces decarburization and causes:
    a. more oxidation of steel.
    b. less oxidation of steel.
    c. greater heat input for steel.
    d. less heat input for steel.
A

b. less oxidation of steel.

30
Q
  1. A protective covering of slag is left over the weld, preventing oxidation from occurring by which of the following process (es)?
    a. GTAW and GMAW.
    b. SMAW and FCAW.
    c. GTAW-P.
    d. GMAW-P.
A

b. SMAW and FCAW.

31
Q
  1. Which welding process uses a consumable wire feed electrode and an inert shielding gas?
    a. GMAW.
    b. GTAW.
    c. SMAW.
    d. FCAW.
A

a. GMAW.

32
Q
  1. Which welding process uses a consumable flux coated electrode?
    a. GMAW.
    b. GTAW.
    c. SMAW.
    d. FCAW.
A

c. SMAW.

33
Q
  1. which welding process uses a consumable wire feed electrode and carries its flux in the center of the wire?
    a. GMAW.
    b. GTAW.
    c. SMAW.
    d. FCAW.
A

d. FCAW.

34
Q
  1. When the welding electrode (rod) is positive as during shielded metal arc welding the machine setup is called:
    a. straight polarity.
    b. reverse polarity.
    c. full-wave rectified.
    d. half-wave rectified.
A

b. reverse polarity.

35
Q
  1. Providing a gaseous shield that flushes away the atmospheric gases to prevent oxidation and other gaseous contamination of the molten metal during transfer from the rod and after deposition in the molten pool is accomplished by:

a. operator manipulation of the welding rod.
b. electrical scrubbing effect of alternating current.
c. the heavy flux coating on the rod itself.
d. contaminants that rise to the surface of the molten pool.

A

c. the heavy flux coating on the rod itself.

36
Q
  1. A coating of material that forms a protective layer over the deposited weld metal that also reduces the rate of cooling is referred to as:
    a. glass.
    b. slag.
    c. detritus.
    d. salt.
A

b. slag.

37
Q
  1. Manual welding is costly in terms of time and labor as compared to automatic production processes. The speed of manual welding can be increased through the use of:
    a. longer welding rods.
    b. shorter welding rods.
    c. multiple welding rods.
    d. work positioners.
A

d. work positioners.

38
Q
  1. Optimal welding positions for manual welding include flat and:

a. vertical.
b. horizontal.
c. overhead.
d. inclined.

A

b. horizontal.

39
Q
  1. A number of gases are used for shielding during welding operations. The two most common gases are:

a. carbon dioxide and helium.
b. helium and oxygen.
c. argon and helium.
d. nitrogen and carbon dioxide.

A

c. argon and helium.

40
Q
  1. A welding process that utilizes a non consumable tungsten electrode is:

a. SMAW.
b. SAW.
c. GMAW.
d. GTAW.

A

d. GTAW.

41
Q
  1. A high-production welding process that uses a granular flux fed from a hopper to surround the arc completely is:
    a. SMAW.
    b. SAW.
    c. GMAW.
    d. GTAW.
A

b. SAW.

42
Q
  1. The welding of beryllium, molybdenum, zirconium, hafnium, and other refractory metals that are difficult to weld can best be welded using which of the following methods?
    a. SAW.
    b. GTAW.
    c. EBW.
    d. FCAW.
A

c. EBW.

43
Q
  1. This welding process has a high intensity and a high rate of heat transfer, which make it useful for welding high conductivity metals like aluminum.

a. PAW.
b. SMAW.
c. GTAW.
d. GMAW.

A

a. PAW.

44
Q
  1. Scarf, jump, and cleft joint designs are typically used in which manual welding operation?

a. SAW.
b. EBW.
c. PAW.
d. FOW.

A

d. FOW.

45
Q
  1. A welding process that can be described as continuous casting and utilizes water-cooled copper shoes or slides to cover the gap between the vertical edges of the material being welded is called:

a. SAW.
b. ESW.
c. PAW.
d. FOW.

A

b. ESW.

46
Q
  1. Used primarily for lap joints between flat sheets,________welding is one of the most important applications of resistance welding.

a. tack
b. fusión
c. spot
d. transfer

A

c. spot

47
Q
  1. The two most common variations of spot welding are seam welding and:

a. projection welding.
b. seal welding.
c. intermittent welding.
d. back welding.

A

a. projection welding.

48
Q
  1. A welding process that is only limited by the ductility and fracture toughness required to undergo the rapid deformation generated by the process without fracture is known as:

a. electron beam welding.
b. press form welding.
c. explosion welding.
d. percussion welding.

A

c. explosion welding

49
Q
  1. Several factors can lead to a poor-quality weld, and the root cause is almost always attributed to:

a. improper material.
b. faulty welding equipment.
c. poor surface preparation.
d. operator error.

A

d. operator error.

50
Q
  1. Differential heating and cooling sets up unequal stresses in the weld area that must be absorbed by the material, which results in warping, deformation or:

a. twisting.
b. bending.
c. cracking.
d. embrittlement.

A

c. cracking.

51
Q
  1. Fixtures may be utilized to minimize distortion and in some cases peening is used to produce localized deformation. Residual stress may also be equalized to prevent cracking by___________ the work piece.

a. preheating
b. post-heating
c. restraining
d. pressing

A

b. post-heating

52
Q
  1. Scattered, clustered, and linear are all terms used to describe what type of welding discontinuity?

a. Cracks.
b. Inclusions.
c. Porosity.
d. Shrinkage.

A

c. Porosity.

53
Q
  1. Commonly made up of slag, metal oxides, and nonmetallic solids, this type of discontinuity is normally associated with welds that are shielded by some type of flux coating or core on the electrode:

a. lack of fusion.
b. undercut
c. porosity.
d. inclusions.

A

d. inclusions.

54
Q
  1. When base metal is melted and not replaced
    with filler metal at the toe of the weld, the resulting condition is referred to as:
    a. lack of fusion.
    b. lack of penetration.
    c. undercut
    d. underfill.
A

c. undercut

55
Q
  1. The two most common types of cracks associated with welding are:

a. crater and star.
b. longitudinal and transverse.
c. under-bead and oblique.
d. root and inter-bead.

A

b. longitudinal and transverse.

56
Q
  1. Small shrink cracks that occur in the weld puddle at the end of a weld bead that has not been fully filled are referred to as:

a. underfill cracks.
b. post weld cracks.
c. cráter cracks.
d. incidental cracks.

A

c. cráter cracks

57
Q
  1. Cracks that occur almost entirely in welded metals that are able to be hardened by heat treatment are referred to as:
    a. base metal cracks.
    b. heat-affected zone cracks.
    c. quench cracks.
    d. spider cracks.
A

b. heat-affected zone cracks.

58
Q
  1. The most widely accepted method of reducing residual stress in weldments is:

a. preheating.
b. post-heating.
c. peening.
d. restraining.

A

b. post-heating.

59
Q
  1. The grain structure of a fusion weld can best be compared to that of a(n):

a. extrusión .
b. forging.
c. casting.
d. crystal.

A

c. casting.

60
Q
  1. The base material that is affected by the heat input from welding but not melted in the process is referred to as the:
    a. weld zone.
    b. heat-affected zone.
    c. tempering zone.
    d. casting zone.
A

b. heat-affected zone.

NDT (26 decks)

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