cap 2013

Question 1

how to revert warfarin

Answer 1

prothombin complec concentrate

give intravenous vit k first too

Question 2

how to improve coagulation

Answer 2

IV vit k

if that doesnt work then fresh frozen plasma

Question 3

what stage of embryonic development gives rise to
a) terminal bronchioles
b)lobar bronchi
C) resp bronchioles and alveolar ducts
D)terminal sacs and capillaries 
E) alveoli matuartion

Answer 3

a) pseudoglandular period
b) embryonic period
c) canalicular period
D) saccular period
e) alveolar period

Question 4

palpable parts of the larynx

Answer 4

thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, hyoid bone

Question 5

where is the retroinguinal space and what artery passes through it

Answer 5

spaced deep to the inguinal canal

femoral artery

Question 6

what does the external iliac artery turn into

Answer 6

femoral artery

Question 7

oesophagitis treatment

Answer 7

PPI

montelukast if its allergic oesophagitis

Question 8

achalasia treatment- when to use what

Answer 8

oesophageal balloon dilation or
hellers cardiomyotomy.
use hellers in those young and fit

Question 9

primary billiary cholangitis (/cirrhosis) treatment

Answer 9

1st line: ursodeoxycholic acid

2nd line; obeticholic acid

Question 10

55 year old man unexplained anemia, what investigation

Answer 10

colonscopy to test for colorectal cancer

Question 11

symptoms of cancer plus “early satiety” indicates what? and first line test

Answer 11

upper GI tumour. gastroscopy

Question 12

recommended intervention for choking baby

Answer 12

chest thrusts.

abdominal thrusts are contraindicted

Question 13

diagnostic test for coeliac

Answer 13

distal duodenal biopsy

Question 14

what can blinf loop syndrome be a consequence of?

how to test dor

Answer 14

abdominal/duodenal surgerys

glycocholic breath test

Question 15

what causes macrocytic anaemia?

Answer 15

b12 and folate deficiency

b12 deficency= pernicous anaemia

Question 16

attachment point for 2 muscles of mastication

Answer 16

spehnoid (medial and lateral pterygoid muscles attach)

Question 17

why should antibiotic treatment fir E.coli 0157 try to be avoided

Answer 17

can precipitate haemolytic uraemic syndrome causing renal failure

Question 18

black young male w acute severe recuurent abdominal pain

Answer 18

possible sickle cell

Question 19

how to investigate small bowel infarction due to emboli etc

Answer 19

ct angiogram

Question 20

what nerve supplies somatic sensory fibres to skin of face (numeral too)

Answer 20

V, trigeminal nerve

Question 21

what nerve allows you to raise your eyebrows (numeral too)

Answer 21

facial nerve VII

Question 22

commonest cause of renal failure in children under 5

Answer 22

e.coli 0157 causing haemolytic uraemic syndrome

Question 23

which hepatitis can only cause infection when there is already hep b infection

Answer 23

hepatitis d