Cancer studies Flashcards
Culp WTN, Ehrhart N, Withrow SJ, et al.
Results of surgical excision and evaluation of factors associated with survival time in dogs with lingual neoplasia: 97 cases(1995-2008). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2013;242(10):1392.
What proportion were MM? What proportion were SCC?
MM 30%
SCC32%
Culp WTN, Ehrhart N, Withrow SJ, et al.
Results of surgical excision and evaluation of factors associated with survival time in dogs with lingual neoplasia: 97 cases(1995-2008). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2013;242(10):1392.
What was the MST for lingual MM? What was the MST for lingual SCC?
MM - 241 days
SCC - 216 days
Culp WTN, Ehrhart N, Withrow SJ, et al.
Results of surgical excision and evaluation of factors associated with survival time in dogs with lingual neoplasia: 97 cases(1995-2008). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2013;242(10):1392.
What was the overall MST?
483 days
Culp WTN, Ehrhart N, Withrow SJ, et al.
Results of surgical excision and evaluation of factors associated with survival time in dogs with lingual neoplasia: 97 cases(1995-2008). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2013;242(10):1392.
What prognostic factor was identified that held true on multivariate analysis?
•Dogs with lingual tumors >2cm in diameter at diagnosis had a significantly shorter survival time than did dogs with tumors < 2 cm
(univariate also had significant values for placement of feeding tube (negative) and dogs that developed metastases (negative))
Size was only one that held up.
Fulton AJ, Nemec A, Murphy BG, Kass PH, Verstraete FJM. Risk factors associated with survival in dogs with nontonsillar oral squamous cell carcinoma 31 cases (1990-2010). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2013;243(5):696.
What was the largest factor identified in this study regarding survival?
surgery or no surgery
Fulton AJ, Nemec A, Murphy BG, Kass PH, Verstraete FJM. Risk factors associated with survival in dogs with nontonsillar oral squamous cell carcinoma 31 cases (1990-2010). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2013;243(5):696.
What was the MST for dogs having no surgery?
54 days
Fulton AJ, Nemec A, Murphy BG, Kass PH, Verstraete FJM. Risk factors associated with survival in dogs with nontonsillar oral squamous cell carcinoma 31 cases (1990-2010). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2013;243(5):696.
What other factors were identified that impacted overall survival? (aside from surgery or no surgery)
Tumor associated inflammation (more was worse)
Risk score (combined tumor associated inflammation with perineural invasion and with lymphovascular inflammation)
Fulton AJ, Nemec A, Murphy BG, Kass PH, Verstraete FJM. Risk factors associated with survival in dogs with nontonsillar oral squamous cell carcinoma 31 cases (1990-2010). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2013;243(5):696.
Which factors were NOT associated with survival?
Tumor location,
clinical stage
histologic subtype
Hammer A, Getzy D, Ogilvie G, Upton M, Klausner J, Kisseberth W.
Salivary gland neoplasia in the dog and cat: survival times and prognostic factors. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association. 2001;37(5):478-482.
What were the MST in dogs and cats respectively?
MST 550 days in dogs, MST 516 in cats
Hammer A, Getzy D, Ogilvie G, Upton M, Klausner J, Kisseberth W.
Salivary gland neoplasia in the dog and cat: survival times and prognostic factors. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association. 2001;37(5):478-482.
What were the proportions of parotid and mandibular gland tumors in the dog and cat?
Dog 50% parotid, 30% mandibular
Cat 60% Mandibular, 20% parotid
Hammer A, Getzy D, Ogilvie G, Upton M, Klausner J, Kisseberth W.
Salivary gland neoplasia in the dog and cat: survival times and prognostic factors. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association. 2001;37(5):478-482.
What breeds were over represented?
Cats - siamese & crosses
Dogs - no breed predisposition
Hammer A, Getzy D, Ogilvie G, Upton M, Klausner J, Kisseberth W.
Salivary gland neoplasia in the dog and cat: survival times and prognostic factors. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association. 2001;37(5):478-482.
What prognostic factors were identified in the dog?
Stage I and II tumor versus either stage III or stage IV
Hammer A, Getzy D, Ogilvie G, Upton M, Klausner J, Kisseberth W.
Salivary gland neoplasia in the dog and cat: survival times and prognostic factors. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association. 2001;37(5):478-482.
What was the most common histopathologic tumor type?
simple adenocarcinoma
Tuohy JL, Selmic LE, Worley DR, Ehrhart NP, Withrow SJ.
Outcome following curative-intent surgery for oral melanoma in dogs: 70 cases (1998-2011). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2014;245(11):1266.
what proportion were completely and incompletely excised?
73% clean margins, 27% incomplete excision
Tuohy JL, Selmic LE, Worley DR, Ehrhart NP, Withrow SJ.
Outcome following curative-intent surgery for oral melanoma in dogs: 70 cases (1998-2011). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2014;245(11):1266.
What were the overall median progression free interval and the median survival time?
Were they longer or shorter than previously reported?
PFI 508 days
MST 723 days
Longer
Tuohy JL, Selmic LE, Worley DR, Ehrhart NP, Withrow SJ.
Outcome following curative-intent surgery for oral melanoma in dogs: 70 cases (1998-2011). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2014;245(11):1266.
In the multivariate analysis, what factors had negative prognostic influence?
Did they influence survival or progression?
metastases at diagnosis hazard ratio 3.8 for death
treated with surgery AND adjuvant hazard ratio 2.3 for progression
Tuohy JL, Selmic LE, Worley DR, Ehrhart NP, Withrow SJ.
Outcome following curative-intent surgery for oral melanoma in dogs: 70 cases (1998-2011). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2014;245(11):1266.
How many dogs diagnosed with well differentiated melanoma died of their disease?
none
Tuohy JL, Selmic LE, Worley DR, Ehrhart NP, Withrow SJ.
Outcome following curative-intent surgery for oral melanoma in dogs: 70 cases (1998-2011). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2014;245(11):1266.
What was to proposed reason for why dogs receiving adjuvant therapy did worse?
selection bias - adjuvant therapy recommended more for worse cases
Tuohy JL, Selmic LE, Worley DR, Ehrhart NP, Withrow SJ.
Outcome following curative-intent surgery for oral melanoma in dogs: 70 cases (1998-2011). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2014;245(11):1266.
What differences were seen in outcome based on intraoral location?
none
Tuohy JL, Selmic LE, Worley DR, Ehrhart NP, Withrow SJ.
Outcome following curative-intent surgery for oral melanoma in dogs: 70 cases (1998-2011). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2014;245(11):1266.
What were the Median survival time and progression free interval for dogs that had only surgery?
PFI >567d (median not reached)
MST 874 days
What proportion of all tumors are oral tumors?
5-7%
Sarowitz BN, Davis GJ, Kim S.
Outcome and prognostic factors following curative‐intent surgery for oral tumours in dogs: 234 cases (2004 to 2014. Journal of Small Animal Practice. 2017;58(3):146-153.
What were the most important prognostic factors associated with survival for oral tumors with curative intent resection?
tumour type
completeness of excision,
tumour size
age.
Sarowitz BN, Davis GJ, Kim S.
Outcome and prognostic factors following curative‐intent surgery for oral tumours in dogs: 234 cases (2004 to 2014. Journal of Small Animal Practice. 2017;58(3):146-153.
What were the shortest MST’s in this study?
MM 206 days
OSA 209 days
Sarowitz BN, Davis GJ, Kim S.
Outcome and prognostic factors following curative‐intent surgery for oral tumours in dogs: 234 cases (2004 to 2014. Journal of Small Animal Practice. 2017;58(3):146-153.
which tumor had the highest local recurrence rate?
Fibrosarcoma 54%
Sarowitz BN, Davis GJ, Kim S.
Outcome and prognostic factors following curative‐intent surgery for oral tumours in dogs: 234 cases (2004 to 2014. Journal of Small Animal Practice. 2017;58(3):146-153.
What tumor had the highest distant metastatic rate?
MM - 30%
Sarowitz BN, Davis GJ, Kim S.
Outcome and prognostic factors following curative‐intent surgery for oral tumours in dogs: 234 cases (2004 to 2014. Journal of Small Animal Practice. 2017;58(3):146-153.
What was the overall rate of clean margins with 2 cm surgical planning?
85%
Coyle VJ, Rassnick KM, Borst LB, et al.
Biological behaviour of canine mandibular osteosarcoma. A retrospective study of 50 cases (1999–2007. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology. 2015;13(2):89-97.
What was the overall metastatic rate?
58%
Coyle VJ, Rassnick KM, Borst LB, et al.
Biological behaviour of canine mandibular osteosarcoma. A retrospective study of 50 cases (1999–2007. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology. 2015;13(2):89-97.
What was the MST?
What did most dogs die from?
525 days
90% died due to metastases
Coyle VJ, Rassnick KM, Borst LB, et al.
Biological behaviour of canine mandibular osteosarcoma. A retrospective study of 50 cases (1999–2007. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology. 2015;13(2):89-97.
In the multivariate analysis what factors had prognostic significance?
no chemo 2.8x hazard of death over getting chemo
histologic grade II or III had a 2.8 hazard of death over dogs that had grade I
Coyle VJ, Rassnick KM, Borst LB, et al.
Biological behaviour of canine mandibular osteosarcoma. A retrospective study of 50 cases (1999–2007. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology. 2015;13(2):89-97.
what was the median metastasis free interval (MFI)?
627 days
Coyle VJ, Rassnick KM, Borst LB, et al.
Biological behaviour of canine mandibular osteosarcoma. A retrospective study of 50 cases (1999–2007. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology. 2015;13(2):89-97.
In the univariate analysis what additional factor was prognostic for shorter met free interval and survival?
Mitotic index >40
Gardner H, Fidel J, Haldorson G, Dernell W, Wheeler B.
Canine oral fibrosarcomas: a retrospective analysis of 65 cases (1998–2010. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology. 2015;13(1):40-47.
Which treatment/combo had the greatest effect on MST and PFI?
What were they for all others?
Surgery + radiation
PFI 301 days
MST 505 days
All others
PFI 138 days
MST 220 days
Gardner H, Fidel J, Haldorson G, Dernell W, Wheeler B.
Canine oral fibrosarcomas: a retrospective analysis of 65 cases (1998–2010. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology. 2015;13(1):40-47.
Which prognostic factors were identified that had an effect on PFI?
tumor location
radiation protocol
Gardner H, Fidel J, Haldorson G, Dernell W, Wheeler B.
Canine oral fibrosarcomas: a retrospective analysis of 65 cases (1998–2010. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology. 2015;13(1):40-47.
Which factors were identified that had a significant effect on survival?
location, tumor size/stage, type of surgery, margins, and grade
Frazier SA, Johns SM, Ortega J, et al.
Outcome in dogs with surgically resected oral fibrosarcoma (1997–2008)*. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology. 2012;10(1):33-43.
In this study, what were the MST and PFI?
MST 743 days
PFI >653 days
Frazier SA, Johns SM, Ortega J, et al.
Outcome in dogs with surgically resected oral fibrosarcoma (1997–2008)*. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology. 2012;10(1):33-43.
in this study what was the effect of radiation therapy?
No significant difference
Frazier SA, Johns SM, Ortega J, et al.
Outcome in dogs with surgically resected oral fibrosarcoma (1997–2008)*. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology. 2012;10(1):33-43.
What proportion of dogs developed local recurrence? what proportion developed metastases?
24% and 24%
Frazier SA, Johns SM, Ortega J, et al.
Outcome in dogs with surgically resected oral fibrosarcoma (1997–2008)*. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology. 2012;10(1):33-43.
what breed was overrepresented, and what was found in these dogs?
golden retriever.
Shorter PFI, 514 days versus not reached for non goldens
Frazier SA, Johns SM, Ortega J, et al.
Outcome in dogs with surgically resected oral fibrosarcoma (1997–2008)*. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology. 2012;10(1):33-43.
What factor affected local recurrence?
what was the PFI?
having a dirty margin
316 versus not reached.
Riggs J, Adams VJ, Hermer JV, Dobson JM, Murphy S, Ladlow JF.
Outcomes following surgical excision or surgical excision combined with adjunctive, hypofractionated radiotherapy in dogs with oral squamous cell carcinoma or fibrosarcoma. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2018;253(1):73-83.
What was the overall MST, MST for SCC and MST for FSA?
overall 2049 days
MST not reached for SCC
557 days for FSA
Riggs J, Adams VJ, Hermer JV, Dobson JM, Murphy S, Ladlow JF.
Outcomes following surgical excision or surgical excision combined with adjunctive, hypofractionated radiotherapy in dogs with oral squamous cell carcinoma or fibrosarcoma. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2018;253(1):73-83.
Did RT improve survival in SCC with dirty margins?
Yes - MST 2051 d for dirty margins with radiation
MST 181 days for dirty margins without radiation
Riggs J, Adams VJ, Hermer JV, Dobson JM, Murphy S, Ladlow JF.
Outcomes following surgical excision or surgical excision combined with adjunctive, hypofractionated radiotherapy in dogs with oral squamous cell carcinoma or fibrosarcoma. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2018;253(1):73-83.
Did RT have a benefit in dogs with FSA who had dirty margins?
NO - MST 299 with radiation, MST 694 without radiation
Riggs J, Adams VJ, Hermer JV, Dobson JM, Murphy S, Ladlow JF.
Outcomes following surgical excision or surgical excision combined with adjunctive, hypofractionated radiotherapy in dogs with oral squamous cell carcinoma or fibrosarcoma. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2018;253(1):73-83.
In the multivariate analysis, what remained as significant for SCC and FSA?
SCC - nothing
FSA - caudal location bad and females seem to have higher risk (first time this has been reported)
Soltero-Rivera MM, Krick EL, Reiter AM, Brown DC, Lewis JR.
Prevalence of regional and distant metastasis in cats with advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma: 49 cases (2005–2011). Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2014;16(2):164-169.
What was the proportion of cats had LN metastases?
31%
Soltero-Rivera MM, Krick EL, Reiter AM, Brown DC, Lewis JR.
Prevalence of regional and distant metastasis in cats with advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma: 49 cases (2005–2011). Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2014;16(2):164-169.
What proportion of cats had thoracic metastases?
10%
Soltero-Rivera MM, Krick EL, Reiter AM, Brown DC, Lewis JR.
Prevalence of regional and distant metastasis in cats with advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma: 49 cases (2005–2011). Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2014;16(2):164-169.
How did metastases at diagnosis affect survival time?
no significant difference
Fidel J, Lyons J, Tripp C, Houston R, Wheeler B, Ruiz A.
Treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma with accelerated radiation therapy and concomitant carboplatin in cats. Journal of veterinary internal medicine. 2011;25(3):504.
What was the MST in this study?
overall 163 days
Fidel J, Lyons J, Tripp C, Houston R, Wheeler B, Ruiz A.
Treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma with accelerated radiation therapy and concomitant carboplatin in cats. Journal of veterinary internal medicine. 2011;25(3):504.
what factors were predictive for longer survival?
Site was predictive for survival, as was complete response at 30 days
Fidel J, Lyons J, Tripp C, Houston R, Wheeler B, Ruiz A.
Treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma with accelerated radiation therapy and concomitant carboplatin in cats. Journal of veterinary internal medicine. 2011;25(3):504.
which sites had more favourable survival?
Tonsil and buccal mucosa - only 5 cats in this group
MST not reached, average 724 days
Fidel J, Lyons J, Tripp C, Houston R, Wheeler B, Ruiz A.
Treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma with accelerated radiation therapy and concomitant carboplatin in cats. Journal of veterinary internal medicine. 2011;25(3):504.
What was the MST for for cats with complete response at 30 days versus incomplete response.
complete remission at 30 days - 379 days
incomplete remission - 115 days
Fidel J, Lyons J, Tripp C, Houston R, Wheeler B, Ruiz A.
Treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma with accelerated radiation therapy and concomitant carboplatin in cats. Journal of veterinary internal medicine. 2011;25(3):504.
Which factors were not associated with prognosis?
tumor stage and tumor size
Evaluation of an Accelerated Chemoradiotherapy Protocol for Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in 5 Cats and 3 Dogs
Ana Rejec, DVM, PhD; Jerome Benoit DVM, MRCVS; Cedric Tutt, BVSc, MRCVS; DavidCrossley, BVetMed, PhD, MRCVS; Janos Butinar, DVM, PhD; NatasaIhanHren, DM, PhD
what were the outcomes in cats?
- 4/5 cats had a complete response, 1/5 had a partial response
- Cat 1 E/D due to mammary carcinoma 89d after rad.
- Cat 2 E/D due to renal failure 65 d after rad
- Cat 3 E/D after 201d due to tumor progression (partial response)
- Cat 4 E/D after 348d due to pulmonary mets, tx’dwith carboplatin
- Cat 5 Alive at data analysis 335d
Evaluation of an Accelerated Chemoradiotherapy Protocol for Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in 5 Cats and 3 Dogs
Ana Rejec, DVM, PhD; Jerome Benoit DVM, MRCVS; Cedric Tutt, BVSc, MRCVS; DavidCrossley, BVetMed, PhD, MRCVS; Janos Butinar, DVM, PhD; NatasaIhanHren, DM, PhD
What were the outcomes in dogs?
- Dogs all completed treatment
- Dog 1 –Alive at 1025 days
- Dog 2 –E/D due to cardiac failure at 919 d
- Dog 3 –local recurrence in tonsil at 752d, E/D at 844d
Evaluation of an Accelerated Chemoradiotherapy Protocol for Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in 5 Cats and 3 Dogs
Ana Rejec, DVM, PhD; Jerome Benoit DVM, MRCVS; Cedric Tutt, BVSc, MRCVS; DavidCrossley, BVetMed, PhD, MRCVS; Janos Butinar, DVM, PhD; NatasaIhanHren, DM, PhD
What early and late effects of radiation were seen in cats?
- All cats experienced early side effects (mucositis) and all had e-tube placed
- Late side effects such as fibrosis, bone necrosis, or nervous tissue damage were not observed in 4/5 cats. The cat with laryngeal SCC that lived > 1-year developed some changes in vocalization 7-months after radiotherapy.
- No other serious late side effects were observed
Evaluation of an Accelerated Chemoradiotherapy Protocol for Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in 5 Cats and 3 Dogs
Ana Rejec, DVM, PhD; Jerome Benoit DVM, MRCVS; Cedric Tutt, BVSc, MRCVS; DavidCrossley, BVetMed, PhD, MRCVS; Janos Butinar, DVM, PhD; NatasaIhanHren, DM, PhD
What early and late effects of radiation were seen in dogs?
although all dogs experienced grade 2-3 mucosal toxicity, esophagostomy tube placement was not required.
Surprisingly, no late radiation side effects were observed in the 3 dogs of this study 2-years after chemoradiotherapy
Randall EK, Kraft SL, Yoshikawa H, Larue SM.
Evaluation of 18F‐FDG PET/CT as a diagnostic imaging and staging tool for feline oral squamous cell carcinoma. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology. 2016;14(1):28-38.
What was PET CT particularly good at?
- Soft tissue infiltrative tumors that were subtle and ill defined on CT were highly visible and more extensive on FDG-PET/CT.
- Three cytologically confirmed metastases were hypermetabolic on PET, while two of those metastases were equivocal on CT.
Randall EK, Kraft SL, Yoshikawa H, Larue SM.
Evaluation of 18F‐FDG PET/CT as a diagnostic imaging and staging tool for feline oral squamous cell carcinoma. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology. 2016;14(1):28-38.
Where did PET CT perform similarly to standard CT images?
•Tumors invading the osseous structures were more similar in extent on 18FDG-PET/CT and CT although they were more conspicuous on PET images.
Which types of canine papilloma virus causes oral lesions?
1, 13, 17, 19
papilloma 1 is in adriana case report from JVD
other case report is linked to type 17
Boston SE, Lu X, Culp WTN, et al.
Efficacy of systemic adjuvant therapies administered to dogs after excision of oral malignant melanomas: 151 cases (2001 2012 ). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2014;245(4):401.
What was the MST in this study?
346 days
Boston SE, Lu X, Culp WTN, et al.
Efficacy of systemic adjuvant therapies administered to dogs after excision of oral malignant melanomas: 151 cases (2001-2012). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2014;245(4):401.
What were negative prognostic indicators in this study?
Patient age
Tumor Size
Type of excision
Boston SE, Lu X, Culp WTN, et al.
Efficacy of systemic adjuvant therapies administered to dogs after excision of oral malignant melanomas: 151 cases (2001-2012). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2014;245(4):401.
Which adjunctive treatments showed a survival benefit in multivariate analysis?
None! Chemo, radiation and melanoma vaccine examined
Grosenbaugh DA, Leard AT, Bergman PJ, et al.
Safety and efficacy of a xenogeneic DNA vaccine encoding for human tyrosinase as adjunctive treatment for oral malignant melanoma in dogs following surgical excision of the primary tumor. American journal of veterinary research. 2011;72(12):1631.
What product was being studied?
Oncept - merial
Grosenbaugh DA, Leard AT, Bergman PJ, et al.
Safety and efficacy of a xenogeneic DNA vaccine encoding for human tyrosinase as adjunctive treatment for oral malignant melanoma in dogs following surgical excision of the primary tumor. American journal of veterinary research. 2011;72(12):1631.
What was the MST of dogs in the study, what was MST of the controls?
324 days for controls
not reached for study dogs.
Grosenbaugh DA, Leard AT, Bergman PJ, et al.
Safety and efficacy of a xenogeneic DNA vaccine encoding for human tyrosinase as adjunctive treatment for oral malignant melanoma in dogs following surgical excision of the primary tumor. American journal of veterinary research. 2011;72(12):1631.
What was the 25th percentile survival of dogs in the study, what was it for the controls?
vaccinates - 464 days
controls - 156 days
