cancer genomics and targeted traetments Flashcards
cancer caused by which mutations
genetic and epigenetic
somatic mutations ..
occur in nongermline tissues
cannot be inherited
germline mutations
present in egg or sperm
can be inherited
cause cancer family syndrome
which mutations do oncologists target
driver mutations
driver mutations are
oncogene that is causaly implicated in oncogenesis
oncogenes promote
proliferation
IVF aids?
Stop passing on cancers
Cancer management differs for
Hereditary sporadic
How do platinum base cHemotherapy (carboplatin) work
Breakers the double strand dna
Only normal cells can repair by homologous recombination (BRCA1/2)
No repair by tumourous cells so cell death
PARP Inhibition
PARPA repairs single strand breaks
PARP is inhibited
So double break occurs
Tumourous cells can’t use BRCA1 to repair so die
Normal cells can so survive
Most common hereditary colorectal cancer syndrome
Lynch syndrome
Lynch syndrome causes by
Germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes
DNA mismatch repair genes
MLH1 MSH2 MSH6 PMS2
MSI tumours create high … to what
High antigenicity to make them recognisable to the immune system
How are host defence mechanisms overcome
MSI express immune checkpoint molecules which make local immunosuppressive environment
Drug used to restore immune response in MSI tumours by PD1 inhibition
Pembrolizumab
Lung cancer is usually
Sporadic
What acts as an oncogene in non small cell lung cancer
EGFR
Epidermal growth factor receptor
What kind of therapies for sporadic cancer
Personalised
Which resistance is seen
Acquired
