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step 1 > cancer genes/markers > Flashcards

cancer genes/markers Flashcards

1
Q

BCR-ABL

A

oncogene. t(9,22). tyrosine kinase. defines CML, found in some ALL

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2
Q

BCL-2

A

oncogene. t(14,18). antiapoptotic molecule that prevents cytochrome c from leaking out. follicular and undifferentiated lymphomas

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3
Q

BRAF

A

oncogene. serine/threonine kinase. melanoma, NH lymphoma

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4
Q

c-kit

A

oncogene. pt. mutation. cytokine receptor - stem cell GFR. GIST

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5
Q

c-myc

A

oncogene. t(8,14). transcription factor. burkitts

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6
Q

HER2/neu

A

oncogene. amplification. tyrosine kinase - epidermal GFR. breast, ovarian, gastric CA

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7
Q

L-myc

A

oncogene. amplification. transcription factor. Lung tumor - small cell

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8
Q

N-myc

A

oncogene. amplification. transcription factor. Neuroblastoma

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9
Q

RAS

A

oncogene. pt mutation. GTPase. colon, lung, pancreatic, lymphoma, melanoma.

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10
Q

RET

A

oncogene. pt mutation. tyrosine kinase - neural GFR. MEN 2a + 2b, medullary thyroid CA

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11
Q

PGDFB

A

oncogene. growth factor. overexpression -> autocrine loop -> astrocytoma.

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12
Q

CCND1

A

oncogene. t(11,14). cyclin D1. mantle cell lymphoma

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13
Q

CDK4

A

oncogene. amplification. cyclin-dependent kinase. melanoma

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14
Q

APC

A

tumor suppressor gene. colorectal CA (associated w/FAP)

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15
Q

BRCA1/2

A

tumor suppressor gene. breast and ovarian. DNA repair protein

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16
Q

DCC

A

tumor suppressor gene. colon: Deleted in Colon Cancer

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17
Q

DPC4/SMAD4

A

tumor suppressor gene. pancreatic CA. Deleted in Pancreatic Cancer

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18
Q

MEN1

A

tumor suppressor gene. menin.

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19
Q

NF1

A

tumor suppressor gene. Ras GTPase activating protein (neurofibromin)

20
Q

NF2

A

tumor suppressor gene. merlin (schwannomin) protein

21
Q

p16

A

tumor suppressor gene. melanoma. cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A

22
Q

p53

A

tumor suppressor gene. most human CA. 1 copy missing in Li-Fraumeni. transcription factor for p21, blocks G1->S phase

23
Q

PTEN

A

tumor suppressor gene. breast, prostate, endometrial

24
Q

Rb

A

tumor suppressor gene. retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma. binds E2F (a transcription factor), preventing G1->S phase

25
Q

TSC1

A

tumor suppressor gene. tuberous sclerosis. hamartin protein

26
Q

TSC2

A

tumor suppressor gene. tuberous sclerosis. tuberin protein

27
Q

VHL

A

tumor suppressor gene. von Hippel Lindau, renal cell CA. inhibits hypoxia inducible factor 1a

28
Q

WT1/WT2

A

tumor suppressor gene. Wilms Tumor (nephroblastoma)

29
Q

alk phos

A

bone/liver mets, paget dz of bone, seminoma (placental ALP)

30
Q

AFP

A

HCC, hepatoblastoma, yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumor mixed germ cell tumor. normally made by fetus. transiently elevated in pregnancy.

31
Q

beta-hCG

A

hydatidiform moles and choriocarcinomas, testicular CA, mixed germ cell tumor. produced by syncytiotrophoblasts

32
Q

CA15-3/CA27-29

A

breast CA

33
Q

CA19-9

A

pancreatic adenoCA

34
Q

CA125

A

ovarian CA

35
Q

calcitonin

A

medullary thyroid CA

36
Q

CEA

A

CarcinoEmbryonic Ag. nonspecific. ~70% of colorectal and pancreatic CA. also breast, gastric, medullary thyroid CA

37
Q

chromogranin

A

neuroendocrine tumors/carcinoid

38
Q

PSA

A

prostate CA. also BPH and prostatisis

39
Q

EBV

A

burkitt, H lymphoma, nasopharyngeal CA, primary CNS lymphoma (in immunocompromised)

40
Q

HBV, HCV

A

HCC

41
Q

HHV-8

A

kaposi (AIDS: antiretrovirals, transplant: dec. suppression, old eastern euro man: excision).

42
Q

H. pylori

A

gastric adenocarcinoma, MALT lymphoma

43
Q

HTLV-1

A

adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma

44
Q

liver fluke (clonorchis sinensis)

A

cholangiocarcinoma

45
Q

schistosoma haematobium

A

bladder CA (squamous cell)

46
Q

CAs w/psammoma bodies

A

PSaMMoma! Papillary CA of thyroid, Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary, Meningioma, Malignant mesothelioma

step 1 (24 decks)

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