Cancer and General Deconditioning Infectious Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Cancer

A

Abnormal cell growth
- Can impact any part of the body
- Any age
- All races/ethnicities
Classification is by anatomical location
- Primary location
* Skin
* Lungs
* Breast
* Prostate

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2
Q

Types of cancer

A

Carcinoma
- Epithelial tissue (skin, organs)
- 80-90%
Sarcoma
- Cartilage, muscle, bones, fat,
Myeloma
- Plasma cells of bone marrow
Leukemias
- “liquid or blood” cancers
- Bone marrow, blood cells, lymph system
Lymphoma
- Lymph nodes
- Lymph producing structures
Mixed
Benign -
Malignant - grows
Metastasis - spreads to other parts of the body

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3
Q

Signs of cancer

A

Changes in bowel or bladder function
Sores that don’t heal
White patches inside mouth or on tongue
Bleeding (rectal or coughing)
Thickening of tissue or lump
Indigestion/trouble swallowing
Cough or hoarseness
Weird looking skin spots

Stages
- Tumor
* T1 - limited to mucosa and submucosa
* T2 - extension into but not through muscularis propria
* T3 - invasion of perirectal fat
* T4 - invasion of adjacent structures
- Nodes
* N0 - no involved lymph nodes
* N1 - fewer than 4 regional nodes involved
* N2 - more than 4 regional nodes involved
* N3 - distant nodes involved
- Metastasis
* M0 - no metastasis
* M1 - distant metastasis

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4
Q

Cancer interventions

A

Surgery
Radiation
- Xray/gamma rays/electron beams
- Directed to the cancer cell
- Disrupts the cell
Chemotherapy
- Oral/IV/implant
- Primary treatment
- Adjunct treatment
Immunotherapy/Hormone and Targeted
Bone Marrow Transplant
- Hematological cancers
Stem Cell

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5
Q

Role of OT in cancer care

A

Pain and Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Cancer Related Fatigue (CRF)
- Adaptive equipment
- Energy conservation
- Rehab as appropriate
* Activity modification
Cancer Related Cognitive Impairments
Rehab
Adaptations
Lymphedema
Psychosocial
Nutrition

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6
Q

Deconditioning disorders

A

Gravitational Deconditioning
- Bedrest
Hospital Associated Deconditioning
- Post hospital syndrome
- Iatrogenic disability
- Medical deconditioning
- Roll of the bed
- Nursing home, hospital
Post intensive Care Syndrome (PICS)
Deconditioning not related to hospitalization
- General deconditioning
- Society/lifestyle/covid/depression

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7
Q

Roll of OT with deconditioning disorders

A

ADL evaluation and training
- Including adaptive equipment
IADLs
- Based on OT profile
Cognitive rehab
Safety
Strengthening and AROM to improve function
Patient and family education/supports
- Community programs

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