Cancer

Question 1

What are the characteristics of a benign-tumor?

Answer 1

• Localized
• Slow-growing
• Usually Encapsulated
• Non-invasive

Question 2

What are the characteristics of a metastatic-tumor?

Answer 2

• Invasive
• Rapid Growth
• Life Threatening

Question 3

What is Metastasis?

Answer 3

Movement of cancer cells from one body part to another

Question 4

What is Carcinoma?

Answer 4

Malignant tumor of epithelial cells

• Skin
• Stomach
• Colon
• breast
• Rectum

Question 5

Term for a carcinoma that is a premalignant? What has it not invaded?

Answer 5

Carcinoma in Situ; not invaded the basement membrane

= Grade 0

Question 6

What is Sarcoma?

Answer 6

Malignant tumor of Connective and Mesodermal Tissue

• Muscle
• Bone
• Fat

Question 7

What is Lymphoma?

Answer 7

Affecting the Lymphatic System

• Lymphatic leukemia

Question 8

Treatment Options: Surgery

Answer 8

Curative (Tumor removal following biopsy)

OR

Palliative (relieve pain, correct obstruction)

Question 9

Treatment Options: Radiation Therapy

Answer 9

Destroys cancer cells, inhibits growth

• Preoperatively to shrink tumors
• Postoperatively kill/prevent residual cancer cells from metastasizing

Question 10

Treatment Options: Chemotherapy

Answer 10

Drugs; orally, subcutaneously , intramuscularly, intravenously or intrathecally (spinal canal)

• Intermittent doses to allow bone marrow to recover

Question 11

Treatment Options: Immunotherapy

Answer 11

Strengthen the host’s ability to fight cancer cells:

• Monoclonal Antibodies
• Bone Marrow Transplant
• Hormonal Therapy

Question 12

What type of pain may be suggestive of metastasis?

Answer 12

Pain at site distal to initial tumor

Question 13

Most common symptoms reported by all cancer patients?

Answer 13

Cancer-Related Fatigue

Question 14

Effects of Leukopenia?

Answer 14

Increase susceptibility to infection

Question 15

Effects of Thrombocytopenia

Answer 15

Increased Bleeding

Question 16

Effects of Anemia?

Answer 16

Diminished Aerobic Capacity

Question 17

General Exercise Recommendations given by the ACSM? Intensity

Answer 17

Low to Moderate Intensity (40 - < 60%)

11-13/20 Borg RPE scale

13 on Borg Scale “Somewhat Hard”

Question 18

General Exercise Recommendations given by the ACSM? Duration and Frequency?

Answer 18

3-5 days/wk, 20-60 minutes/day

Question 19

Patients with platelet count < 10,000/mm may experience what?

Answer 19

Spontaneous Bleeding

Question 20

Contraindications to Exercise?

Answer 20

• Day of intravenous chemotherapy
• Severe reaction to radiation therapy
• Severe nausea/vomiting, diarrhea
• Unusual or extreme fatigue

Question 21

Contraindications to Exercise? Cardiopulmonary

Answer 21

• Chest pain
• Rapid or slow HR
• Elevated BP
• Swollen ankles
• Severe Dyspnea

Question 22

Cardiovascular Effects of Low PLT?

Answer 22

• SOB
• Fatigue
• Angina

Question 23

Skin Changes secondary to Low PLT? Thrombocytopenia

Answer 23

• Petechiae
• Purpura
• Ecchymosis

Question 24

Physical Agents and Modalities Contraindications? Thermal Agents

Answer 24

• Directly over tumor
• Over dysvascular tissue
• Tissue exposed to radiation
• Decreased sensitivity to pain or temperature
• Areas of increased bleed or hemorrhage