Calcium And Phosphate 2

Question 1

Primary Hyperparahtyroidism Etiology?

Answer 1

1. Parathyroid Adenoma

2. Parathyroid Hyperplasia

Question 2

Why does Hypercalcemia usually have massive volume deficits?

Answer 2

1. Induces Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

Question 3

Cystic bone condition characteristic of primary > secondary hyperparathyroidism ?

Answer 3

1. Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica (brown tumors )

Bone is replaced by fibrous tissue!!

Question 4

Main Etiology of Primary Hypoparathyroidism?

Answer 4

1. Autoimmune idease

2. Surgical removal

Question 5

Congenital absence of PTH glands?

Answer 5

DiGeorge Syndrome

Question 6

Main electrolyte imbalance in Primary Hypoparathyroidism?

Answer 6

1. ⬇️Hypocalcemia

2. ⬆️Hyperphosphatemia

Question 7

What is Pseudohypoparathyroidism?

Answer 7

1. ⬆️PTH resistance
2. ⬆️PTH
3. ⬇️Hypocalcemia
4. AD mutation
5. Inherited by mother
6. Protein Gs mutation

Question 8

Pseudohypoparathyroidism common bone defect?

Answer 8

1. Albright Hereditary Osteodystrophy (short 4th and 5th fingers )

Question 9

Difference between Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism and Pseudohypoparathyroidism?

Answer 9

1. Albright Hereditary Osteodystrophy
2. Normal PTH and Ca++ levels
3. Inherited by FATHER

Question 10

Vitamin D deficiency effect on PTH and Ca++ and PO4-?

Answer 10

1. ⬇️Ca++ and PO4- levels
2. ⬆️PTH

SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM

Question 11

Vitamin D excess in PTH and Ca++, PO4- levels?

Answer 11

1. ⬆️Ca++ and PO4- levels
2. ⬇️PTH

SECONDARY HYPOPARATHYROIDISM