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Southwest Airlines > Cabin Irregularities, Emergency Evacuations > Flashcards

Cabin Irregularities, Emergency Evacuations Flashcards

1
Q

5 Ways to assist us in gaining Passenger compliance

A
  1. First Opportunity-Ethical Appeal
    2.Other Opportunities-Rational/Personal Appeal
    3.Final Opportunity-Practical Appeal
  2. Act
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2
Q

1st Opportunity-Ethical Appeal

A

Ask the Pax to please comply with your request-
If you use a question, make it open ended
-you can make particularly effective use of this opportunity by askin a ? That assumes compliance.
Ex: if someone will have to check their bag, you could say “ I am sorry, pour OHB are full. I will be happy to check you bag, what is your final destination?
Keep tone of voice, posture, and facial expressions positive and hospitable.

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3
Q

Other Opportunities
(Rational/Personal Appeal)

A

Other opportunities utilize Rational Appeals, personal appeals and additional strategies to gain Pax compliance. You need to decide which strategy will best address the pax concerns in order to solve the issue and gain compliance.

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4
Q

Why?

A

Provide context for your request by offering a valid explanation

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5
Q

What’s in it for me?

A

Indicate what the Pax gains by following your request

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6
Q

Options

A

Provide options that are in the best interest of the pax

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7
Q

Partner

A

Change the direction of the situation by bringing in another person

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8
Q

Strategically Disengage

A

Disengage from the pax to move from a higher spectrum of conflict to a lower one

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9
Q

Final Opportunity (Practical Appeal)

A

Ask the pax, “Is there anything I can do, within the rules, that will allow us to work this out? At this point, the pax may not be thinking logically. Using the Practical appeal gives them the opportunity to provide a solution. It’s important top listen to their response and not be dismissive of their suggestion.

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10
Q

Act

A

When the pax still won’t cooperate, remember to remain calm, professional and hospitable. Follow your procedures, which you can find in the (FA SSI, Ch 9 misconduct Ch 10 Common strategy/threat levels)

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11
Q

Strategic Disengagement

A

A proven de-escalation strategy used by law enforcement.
Removing yourself from a situation when compliance is unlikely, the situation is likely to escalate, there is not an immediate safety risk and other safety related duties take priority.
Behaviors include: tone, body language, and facial expressions, and words they use

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12
Q

Always Remember:

A

-leverage your training
-Constantly assess situations, determine risk levels, and take appropriate action
-recognize those behaviors that would indicate you should Strategically Disengage
-Strategically disengage anytime your personal safety is at risk
-Notify fellow crew members
-Complete IR

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13
Q

Reopening Doors

A

F/A must obtain verbal confirmation from the pilots prior to opening the door.
-sometimes need to be reopened, the door may be misaligned or the Ops Agent needs to communicate with F/A

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14
Q

Prohibited Items

A

-Flameless ration heaters are not permitted as carryon items or in checked baggage, except on military charter flights
-Spray startch
-Aerosol wrinkle remover
-Aerosol room deodorizers
-torch style lighters
-self defense spray

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15
Q

Acceptable Items

A

-
-Dry ice as long as it does not exceed 5.5 lbs per pax and provided the package permits the release of CO2
-Containers labeled Transplant organ, Blood, or exempt Human/Animal specimen are acceptable and must be stored under the seat in front of the pax
-non-aerosol deodorizers are allowed as long as they are under 17 ozs per container and each pax is limited to a total of 68 Fl ozs.
-helium balloons, although they may burst at altitude-cannot block any pax view of “no Smoking”, of “fasten seatbelt”, and Exit sign

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16
Q

Normalcy bias

A

Pax may not perceive the danger they- are in and could act in an inappropriate manner.
Ex: slow to respond to crew instructions, open OHB to get carry ons
Mental state people enter when facing a disaster, causes people to underestimate the possibility of disaster and possible effects.

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17
Q

30 second review

A

Task that must always be completed by every F/A prior to takeoff and landing

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18
Q

Flight attendants brace positions

A
  1. Reduce risk of neck or spine injury
  2. Reduce secondary impact
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19
Q

Brace Commands

A

Apparent danger-
Remain belted in brace position
Shout: “ HEADS DOWN, STAY DOWN!”
-continue shouting until the a/c comes to a complete stop.

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20
Q

Emergency Flight Deck Access

A

-“A” approaches the door
-Another F/A monitors the cabin
-“A” enters the emergency code and watches the status lights:
-first, an amber light illuminates
-On the Flight Deck, a horn sounds and a flashing indicator alerts the Pilots for 30 seconds
-After 30 seconds, a green light illuminated, indicating auto-unlock
-the door unlocks for 5 seconds
-Flight attendants must open the door within the 5 seconds or start the sequence over.
-If Pilots are able to respond, they will deny entry and ring the cabin with the ALETRT signal
-A red light illuminates
-the keypad locks for 15 minutes.

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21
Q

Prior to opening any aircraft door, regardless of normal ops or emergency, you must

A

Assess (conditions)

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22
Q

Emergency Lighting System

A

“B” activates emergency lights once the evacuation begins
B737-700/800/Max 8
-light switch is located under a clear plastic cover
-lift the cover and press the button
In a power failure, interior and exterior emergency lights automatically turn on.
Can be turned on manually.
Include:
Emergency exit signs- aisle lights-floor path (proximity) lights, exterior emergency lights for slides and OWWE window exit paths

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23
Q

Primary Exits

A

F/A’s are responsible for evacuating cabin if necessary
B737-700
“A” responsible for forward -entry door
“C” is responsible for forward galley-service door

‘B” responsible for aft entry and aft galley service doors
B737-8–/max 8
“A” forward entry door
“C”forward galley-service door
“B” Aft entry door
“D” aft galley door

If responsible for unusable exit information pax exit is blocked and redirect to nearest usable exit

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24
Q

Steps for Emergency Evacuation

A
  1. Sit in jumpseat w/seatbelt and shoulder harness fastened tight and low across hips
    2.Assume brace position
    3.shout “heads down, stay down: command loudly
  2. Release seatbelt/shoulder harness
  3. Shout “release seatbelts, leave everything” command loudly
  4. Open door in non-normal (armed) mode:
    -Assess outside conditions through door window for hazards
    -Face door, standing w/ feet shoulder-width apart, at an arm’s length away from the door
    -grasp the door assist handle w/ one hand and the door control handle with the other hand
    -rotate the door control handle fully in the direction of the arrow
    -with a continuous motion, aggressively push the door outward
    -as the door reaches its mid-point, switch one hand from the door control handle to the
    Door assist handle
    -Quickly grasp the forward fuselage assist handle with the other hand
    -continue to push the door outward and forward aggressively
    -ensure the door latches securely against the fuselage and the gust lock is fully engaged
    -secure yourself to the a/s by continuously grasping the forward fuselage assist handle
    -assess the slide
    -correctly use red manual inflation handle. (If slide fails. PULL handle. If slide inflates, Don’t PULL handle
  5. Stand in the dedicated assist space
  6. Shout evacuation commands loudly
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25
Q

Secondary exit for all Crew members

A

OWWE
(Fam 6.3.3.1)

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26
Q

Escape slides

A

Each door equipped w/ slide
-Automatically inflates within 5 seconds when door is opened in emergency mode
-rigid structure that inflates w/ significant force
If does not automatically inflate:
-pull manual inflation handle
-handle is visible on top of the slide after the door is opened and is marked “pull”

27
Q

If door is not opened correctly, the slide could malfunction and become unusable in an evacuation:

A

-pausing in any way when opening the door allows the door to fall back in toward the aircraft
-this causes the slide to inflate before the door is fully open
-the slide will twist, making it unusable
-to correctly deploy the slide, the door must be opened in one smooth, continuous movement

28
Q

OWWE exits

A

-located midway through the cabin on either side
-are always in emergency mode
-never used for normal boarding and deplaning
-may be opened from inside or outside the cabin

29
Q

To open OWWE-700/800/Max8

A
  1. Access outside conditions through window for potential hazards
  2. Approach the exit and place a hand behind the window control handle (palm facing inboard)
  3. Grasp the window control handle and aggressively pull it down
  4. Immediately release the window control handle
  5. Command evacuation from the dedicated assist space
30
Q

Flight Deck Windows

A

-may be used as exits
-both windows can be opened from inside
-window on a/c left (Captain’s windows) cannot be opened from the outside
-

31
Q

To open Flight Deck Windows:

A

-grasp release handle and rotate it inboard
-slide the window aft
-open the access panel above the window and remove the escape rope; pulling it to ensure it is attached
-toss the rope out the window
Hold on to the rope and pull yourself through the window and then lower yourself to the ground

32
Q

Dedicated Assist Space

A

A/c has dedicated assist space located at each door.
Forward or aft of a door
F/a’s use this space to assist pax in exiting the airplane without obstructing the exit.

33
Q

Redirection (exit by-pass)

A
  1. Assertiveness
    2.
34
Q

Evacuation Techniques

A
35
Q

Flight Attendant Evacuation Procedures
“A” and “C” evacuation procedures

A

-Flight Attendants “A” and “C” are in their respective jumpseats
-assume correct bract position
-remain belted in brace position
-shout, “HEADS DOWN, STAY DOWN”
-continue shouting until the a/c comes to a complete stop
Assess conditions
-“A” assesses conditions through the forward-entry door window
“C” assess conditions through the forward galley-service door window
Operate the exit while issuing the “RELEASE SEATBELTS, LEAVE EVERYTHING” command
-properly place your hands on the door assist handle and the operating handle
-rotate the operating handle fully
-push the door open in one continuous motion
-Switch hands from the operating handle to the assist handles
-ensure the doors fully open and the Gus lock is engaged
-hold the fuse;age assist handle
Assess Slide-
-if the slide fails to inflate, pull the red manual inflation handle while holding on to the fuselage assist handle
-wait 3-5 seconds for the slide to fully inflate
Take your position in the appropriate dedicated assist space
Issue these commands:
“COME THIS WAY”
“THIS WAY OUT”
“LEAVE EVERYTHING”
“CROSS YOUR ARMS”
“JUMP”

36
Q

“B” Evacuation Procedures

A

“B” is in jumpseat
“B” assumes correct brace position
Remain belted in brace position
-shouts-“HEADS DOWN, STAY DOWN”
Continue shouting until the aircraft comes to a complete stop
-Activate the emergency lights
-Access and operate the aft-entry door
-establish flow to the exit
Select an ABA
-command the ABA to hold onto the assist handle and shout “jump”
Move to the aft-service door
-assess and operate the door
-establish flow to the exit
Move to the space in front of the aft closest
Maintain flow to both exits

37
Q

“B” and “D”” Evacuation Procedures -B737-800/Max8

A

“B”and “D” procedures are same as “A”and “C” with these differences:
-‘b”activates emergency lights prior to assessing and operating the entry door
-“B” assesses and operates the aft-entry door
-“D” assesses and operates the aft galley-service door

38
Q

Unwarranted Evacuation
(Pax initiating an unwarranted, undirected evacuation)

A

-Notify the Flight Deck Crew immediately with 4 chimes
-specify if any pax have evacuated the a/c
-Dorect pax by PA or shouting commands
“REMAIN SEATED, STAY CALM”
-take steps to prevent pax from opening doors and exits.
-establish ABA’s if needed

39
Q

Evacuation Procedures and commands at OWWE

A

Only move to secondary exits when:
-the primary exit is blocked and the OWWE are not being used by pax
-moving to OWWE would not interrupt the flow of traffic to other primary exits
-conditions in the cabin are safe

40
Q

Commanding evacuation for OWWE

A

-Assess conditions and operate the exit
-elevate yourself onto the aisle seat and face the aisle
-hold onto the seat back

41
Q

Exit ready for use commands:

A

“COME THIS WAY”
“THIS WAY OUT”
“LEAVE EVERYTHING”

Pax are at the exit:
“STEP OUT”

42
Q

Aircraft manufactures:

A

Required to demonstrate that A/C can be completely evacuated in 90 seconds or less with half the exits usable-this minimum established because a post crash fire can consume the a/c in that time

43
Q

If fire occurs, smoke and fumes collect in the upper third of the cabin-

A

-get as low as possible in the dedicated assist space
-hold on to the assist handle or seat back
—cover your nose and mouth to filter the smoke

44
Q

Smoke and fire commands:

A

COVER YOUR NOSE AND MOUTH

GET BELOW THE SMOKE

45
Q

Blocked exits

A

1.Do not open the exit
Shout:
“EXIT BLOCKED!”
-Stop the flow of traffic
2.assess conditions in the cabin, if secondary exits are already open or the evacuation is proceeding smoothly out of the opened primary exits, continue to block the ext and redirect Pax
Shout-
“THIS EXIT BLOCKED”
“CROSS OVER, USE THAT EXIT”
“TURN AROUND, GO THAT WAY”
3. If secondary exits are not opened, or they are needed to quickly evacuate pax and conditions in the cabin permit, grab and instruct a pax to stay and guard your primary exit.
Use:
“STAND HERE”
“BLOCK THIS EXIT”
4. Move to the secondary exits and use the following commands:
“MOVE”
“GET OUT”
“ON MY WAY”

If you’ve already opened your primary exit and conditions make it unusable, do not let fo of the assist handle when blocking the exit.

46
Q

Dried-Up Exits and Flow Control

A

An available exit that pax and no longer using to evacuate the a/c.
Important to utilize all available exits
Make effort to attract pax to these exits
Flow control procedures:
-command or direct pax away from crowded exits toward dried-up exits and use :
“CROSSOVER, USE THAT EXIT”
“TURN AROUND, GO THAT WAY”
Shout to pax to get them to utilize your exit

47
Q

Carryon baggage

A

If pax approaches exit with carryon, forcefully instruct pax to
“LEAVE EVERYTHING”
If pax reaches door w/ carryon command pax to throw it out of the a/c to aft side of the slide
In a ditching, insist that all carry one remain onboard-there will be people in the water holding on to the slide-throwing carryons will injure people in the water holding on to slide

48
Q

Abnormal Aircraft Conditions in an Emergency Landing

A

If landing gear is resting abnormally may have to
-assess cabin and exterior conditions
-use alternate exits if possible
-block exits if necessary for safety

49
Q

Types of Emergency landings

A

Belly landings
Nose gear up landing
One-main-gear-up landing
Both main gear up landing

50
Q

Belly landings

A

-cabin and exterior conditions should be assessed
-block exits if necessary for safety
-a/c may skid a considerable distance before stopping
-OWWE should probably be avoided
-commands should be altered accordingly
-use alternate exits if possible
-there will be multiple impacts as the tail strikes the ground first, followed by the fuselage
-wings and engines will drag on the gourd, creating a significant risk
-exits will be closer to ground and slides will be shallow

51
Q

Nos-gear-up landing

A

-aft exits will be higher, but aft slides are designed to reach the ground if the nose gear collapse
-you may need to instruct ABA’s to assist at the bottom of the slides
-Aft slides will be steeper, Pax may need to sit and slide rather than jump
-forward slides will be shallow-command pax to walk or sit and scoot
-may need to instruct pax to walk down or scoot down instead of jump

52
Q

One-main-gear-up landing

A

-1 side of a/c will be higher than the other
-exits on high side will be heavier than normal
-may need to avoid exits on lower side
-standing may be difficult
-risk of fire on low side
-slides on the higher side will be steeper than normal

53
Q

Both main gear up landing

A

-1 side of the a/c will be higher than the other
-exits on the high side will be heavier than normal\
-may need to avoid exits on the lower side
-standing may be difficult
-risk of fire is on the low side
-slides on the higher side will be steeper than normal

54
Q

Brake Fires
(Ground events)

A

Occur around the main landing gear
Plugs in the wheels are designed to melt and release air pressure from the tires to prevent tires from bursting
If an evacuation is needed, evacuate on the side opposite the fire

55
Q

Fuel fires
(Ground event)

A

Should arm the doors not connected to a jetbridge
Occur on a/c right
Evacuate on opposite side of the fire-a/c left

56
Q

APU Torching

A

Not visible in the cabin
No firefighting is necessary
Reassure pax
Report to Pilots promptly

57
Q

Engine Torching and Fire

A

Report engine fires to the Pilots immediately
Be sure to specify which engine
If evacuating, use the side opposite the fire

58
Q

Evacuation at the Gate

A

F/A in forward cabin:
-Assess conditions of jetbridge
-Direct evacuation into the terminal
More than 1 F/ a on board:
-ensure they are spaced though cabin
-should assist in evacuation
Assess conditions and direct pax through the forward-entry door into the terminal using flow control commands
If conditions prohibit use of the forward-entry door:
-redirect pax to useable exits
-doors other than the forward entry door must be assessed and armed before opening

59
Q

After accident/ post event/evacuation
First call goes to:

A

NOC-Network Operations Control
Specifically: your dispatcher
Establishing communication w/ your dispatcher is very important because they share responsibility of flight and like you has required protocols to follow.

60
Q

Megaphones (federal signal)

A

Press button on handle
Place lips in contact w/ microphone and speak
Volume controlled by voice
700-
Fwd entry storage (rt side in slanted cabinet)
Aft entry storage
(Long door on left)
800-fwd entry storage
Aft rt OHB

61
Q

Apex Megaphone

A

Squeeze the handle
Place lips in contact w/ microphone
Volume adjusted by turning vol control knob

Max 8
Fwd G2 entry stowage closet (long skinny door on end)
Aft rt jumpseat bulkhead (in plain site)

62
Q

Emergency Flashlight
EF1 (Tan)

A

Red indicator light flashes every 8-10 secs.
Pull flashlight from bracket
Breaking the red or clear strap
Place lanyard around wrist from base of flashlight
Illuminates automatically
700-
Fwd entry stowage (A) 9bottom left corner)
Aft entry stowage (B) (bottom middle of cabinet)
800-
Fwd jumpseat-under the rt.
Aft left jump seat

Max 8-
Left and right jumpseat

63
Q

30 second review

A
  1. Brace position and brace command until aircraft stops
  2. Evacuation decision
  3. Assigned exit procedures
  4. Evacuation Commands
64
Q

Brace Position

A

Aft facing jumpseats
Seated upright
Head pressed against headset
Both hands in lap -palms down-
Feet flat on floor
Fwd facing jumpseats-
Seated upright
Chin resting on sternum
Both feet on ground

Southwest Airlines (27 decks)

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