C6- Additional factors affecting respiratory system Flashcards
1
Q
What are the two additional factors affecting respiratory systems?
A
- Asthma
- Altitude/ partial pressure
2
Q
Asthmas is …
A
- Airways become restricted, making it harder to breath effectively
- Difficult to get enough air into the lungs when breathing, leading to coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath
- Relaxed = breathing bands surrounding airways relax and air can move more freely through them
- Asthma makes these bands contract and tighten so air cannot move freely through
3
Q
Asthma effects sporting performance due to …
A
- Performers would be unable to get enough oxygen required when competing
- Muscles don’t receive enough oxygen leading to fatigue and lesser contractile power
- Performers have to stop to use inhaler
4
Q
What are the two types of inhaler?
A
- Preventing inhalers
- Relieving inhalers
5
Q
What does a preventing inhaler do?
A
- Taken before exercise (often first thing in the morning)
6
Q
What does a relieving inhaler do?
A
- Taken during exercise when chest feels tight, or breathless
7
Q
What is the effect of regular exercise on asthma?
A
- Strengthens respiratory systems and helps prevent asthma
- Regular aerobic training can help to improve breathing and muscular strength
- Regular aerobic (endurance/ cardiovascular) training will also improve oxygen uptake
8
Q
Altitude/ partial pressure is …
A
- Athlete’s train at high altitudes as the air pressure is lower and oxygen particles are ‘spread out further apart’
- This means that density of oxygen in the air is slower and is harder to breath (inspire) this oxygen into your body due to lower partial pressure
- An athlete’s respiratory system will then adapt to this difficulty and become more efficient at utilising oxygen
9
Q
What are the immediate effects of altitude training?
A
- Lungs have to work harder (leading to breathlessness, dizziness, headaches, nauseas, and difficulties in concentrating)
- To cope with the decreased oxygen, breathing becomes faster and deeper
- Hypoxia = the body has insufficient access to oxygen (potentially lethal)
- Lungs size increase
- Body acclimatizes by increasing the number of red blood cells and capillaries, enabling the lungs to oxygenate the blood more efficiently
10
Q
What is blood doping?
A
- Banned method of performance enhancing
- Tour de France and Olympics
