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Physical Science > C20 Terms > Flashcards

C20 Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

continuous phase

A

When there is an unbroken phase

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2
Q

dispersed phase

A

A phase that is a minority in a heterogeneous mixture and that is dispersed throughout the continuous phase

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3
Q

gel

A

Consist of a solid dispersed in a liquid

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4
Q

sol

A

If the solid in liquid mixture is more like a liquid than a gel

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5
Q

emulsion

A

A heterogeneous mixture that contains two or more immiscible particles

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6
Q

immiscible

A

Not able to dissolve into another

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7
Q

foam

A

Forms when a gas is whipped into a liquid so that it makes a mixture of bubbles within the liquid

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8
Q

aerosol

A

Tiny solid particles or liquid drops that are dispersed in a gas

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9
Q

colloidal dispersion

A

If the particles are between 1nm and 1um

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10
Q

suspension

A

Fluid mixtures whose dispersed particles are larger than 1um in size

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11
Q

Tyndall effect

A

When a beam of light shines through a mixture and can be clearly seen

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12
Q

solution

A

Uniform mixtures of pure substances that consist of a single phase

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13
Q

solute

A

The substance that is to be dissolved

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14
Q

solvent

A

The substance that does the dissolving

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15
Q

amalgam

A

The substance formed when mercury is dissolved in gold

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16
Q

dissociation

A

Ions are pulled and wedged from the crystal

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17
Q

soluble

A

A substance is soluble when it can be dissolved by a solvent.

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18
Q

miscible

A

Liquids that can freely mix in any proportion.

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19
Q

solubility

A

The maximum amount of solute that will be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature

20
Q

insoluble

A

Solutes that cannot mix in certain solvents

21
Q

Henry’s Law

A

States that the greater the pressure of a gas on a liquid the greater the mass of the gas that will remain dissolved at any given temperature.

22
Q

saturated

A

No more solute can be dissolved in the solvent at this temperature.

23
Q

unsaturated

A

Solutions that contain less solute than their solubility

24
Q

supersaturated

A

Has more dissolved solute than a saturated solution should have at a given temperature

25
Q

concentration

A

How much solute in the solution

26
Q

percentage by mass

A

The percent of solute in the solution

27
Q

mole (mol)

A

An SI base unit

28
Q

molarity (M)

A

Solution concentration measured in intifada of moles of solute per liter of solution.

29
Q

colligative properties

A

A physical property of a solvent that depends on the concentration of the solute particles and not the kind of solute.

30
Q

freezing-point depression

A

The number of degrees the freezing point of a solvent is reduced per mole of dissolved solute particles a colligative property of the solvent.

31
Q

boiling-point elevation

A

The number of the boiling point is raised

32
Q

osmosis

A

The diffusion of a fluid through a semipermeable membrane from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration.

33
Q

semipermeable membrane

A

A thin sheet of material that allows solvent particles to pass through but not solute

34
Q

osmotic pressure

A

The driving force of an osmosis

35
Q

reverse osmosis

A

Water is filtered in a pressurized container

36
Q

What kinds of substances may form mixtures?

A

Liquids. Solids. Gasses.

37
Q

Name and describe the two phases of a heterogenous mixture in which one phase is mixed in anther.

A

Idk

38
Q

What happens to light when it passes through a colloidal a similar colloidal dispersion?

A

It is refracted.

39
Q

What is often visibly different about a suspension compared to a similar colloidal dispersion?

A

The light is bent and reflected

40
Q

What gas solutions are not possible?

A

Liquid an solid

40
Q

Why is water such an effective solvent?

A

Because the molecules are electrically charged.

40
Q

Describe the three steps in the solution process.

A

The solute is placed in the solvent. Ye solute is hydrated. And the solute is dissociated.

40
Q

How can an unstable solution become supersaturated without any solute being added or any solvent being removed?

A

The temperature is cooled.

41
Q

How is the solubility of a solute related to its concentration in general?

A

It increases it

42
Q

When mixing a solution to attain a certain concentration measured in percentage by mass how do you determine the amount of solvent needed?

A

By measuring

43
Q

How does the presence of a solute affect the boiling point of a solvent? The freezing point?

A

It raises it. It lowers it.

44
Q

How do cells control the concentration of solutes inside their cellular membranes?

A

By filtering them

Physical Science (20 decks)

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