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Applied Science (Unit 5) > (C2) Materials in Domestic and Industrial Applications > Flashcards

(C2) Materials in Domestic and Industrial Applications Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Hooke’s Law?

A

The force needed to extend or compress a spring

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2
Q

Equation of Hooke’s Law

A

F = kΔx

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3
Q

In Hooke’s law what is the relationship between force and extension of the spring?

A

Force is proportional to the extension of the spring
F ∝ x

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4
Q

Equation for Stress

A

Stress = force / cross-sectional area

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5
Q

What is the unit for stress?

A

Pa or N m⁻²

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6
Q

Equation for Strain

A

Strain = extension / original length

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7
Q

What is the unit for strain?

A

Strain has no units because it is a ratio of lengths, it is often expressed as a percentage

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8
Q

What is the elastic region?

A

Where elastic deformation occurs

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9
Q

What is the plastic region?

A

Where plastic deformation occurs

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10
Q

What is Young’s Modulus?

A

How easy a material can stretch

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11
Q

Equation for Young’s Modulus

A

YM = stress / strain

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12
Q

What is a ductile material?

A

A material that can be stretched into a wire without breaking

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13
Q

What is a malleable material?

A

A material that can be hammered into a shape

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14
Q

What is elastic deformation?

A

When a force is removed from a material it will return to its original shape, this is reversible

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15
Q

What is plastic deformation?

A

When a force is removed from a material it will not return to its original shape, this is irreversible

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16
Q

What is tension?

A

A force that causes the extension of a material

17
Q

What is compression?

A

When a load applied to a material squashes it

18
Q

What is ultimate tensile strength (UTS)?

A

The highest stress a material can take

19
Q

What is creep?

A

A slower version of a plastic deformation which increases with temperature and can lead to failure

20
Q

What is the strength of a material?

A

The ability of a material to withstand an applied load without plastic deformation

21
Q

What is fatigue?

A

The weakening of a material caused by repeatedly applied loads

22
Q

What is elastic hysteresis and why does it make loading and unloading follow different paths on a graph?

A

The stretching produces an increase in temperature(loading), but when the strain is reduced(unloading) the temperature drops.

23
Q

Equation for Density

A

Density = Mass / Volume

Applied Science (Unit 5) (12 decks)

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