(A1) Relating Properties to Uses and Production of Substance

Question 1

What is OILRIG?

Answer 1

Oxidization is Gain
Reduction is Loss

Question 2

Reactions of Acids
General Equation of Metals

Answer 2

Metal + Acid → Salt + Hydrogen (MASH)

Question 3

Reactions of Acids
General Equation of Metal Oxides

Answer 3

Metal Oxide + Acid → Water + Salt (MAWS)

Question 4

Reactions of Acids
General Equation of Metal Carbonate

Answer 4

Metal Carbonate + Acid → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Salt

Question 5

What is a hydroxide?

Answer 5

Hydroxide is OH

Question 6

What does soluble mean?

Answer 6

Able to be dissolved in water

Question 7

What do acids produce when they break down?

Answer 7

H+ Ions (Hydrogen Ions)

Question 8

When metal hydroxide ionizes what does it produce?

Answer 8

Metal Ions and OH- (Hydroxide Ions)

Question 9

What do metal carbonate produce when it breaks down?

Answer 9

Metal Ions and Carbon Dioxide

Question 10

What are spectator ions?

Answer 10

Ions that do not take part in a chemical reaction, these ions stay the same on the reactant and product side of the equation

Question 11

What is aqueous (aq)?

Answer 11

Dissolved in water

Question 12

What is present when something is aqueous?

Answer 12

OH - ions

Question 13

What happens to an aqueous solution in a ionic equation?

Answer 13

Only aqueous solutions break down whilst solids and liquids stay the same in a ionic equation

Question 14

What is HCl?

Answer 14

Hydrochloric Acid

Question 15

What is H₂SO₄?

Answer 15

Sulfuric Acid

Question 16

What is HNO₃?

Answer 16

Nitric Acid

Question 17

What is H₃PO₄?

Answer 17

Phosphoric Acid

Question 18

What are protons donors?

Answer 18

Acids are proton donors

Question 19

What proton acceptors?

Answer 19

Hydroxides are proton acceptors

Question 20

What is NH₃?

Answer 20

Ammonia

Question 21

What is an acid?

Answer 21

A compound that separates in water to form hydrogen ions (H+)

Question 22

What is a base?

Answer 22

A compound (metal oxide) that reacts with acid to form salt and water

Question 23

What is a alkali?

Answer 23

A base that dissolves in water to form hydroxide ions (OH-)

Question 24

What is a salt?

Answer 24

A compound formed by an acid-base reaction

Question 25

What is amphoteric?

Answer 25

A substance that has the ability to act either as an acid or a base

Question 26

What does calcium oxide produced when it is dissolved in water?

Answer 26

Calcium Hydroxide

Question 27

What is the use of calcium oxide?

Answer 27

Used by farmers to raise the pH of acidic soil

Question 28

What is the use of magnesium oxide?

Answer 28

Used to neutralize acidic sulfur oxide

Question 29

What is the use of sodium hydroxide?

Answer 29

Used to make plastic and soaps

Question 30

What does inert mean?

Answer 30

Non-Reactive

Question 31

What does corrosive resistant mean?

Answer 31

The ability to protect a substance from corrosion

Question 32

What is a conductor?

Answer 32

Something electricity and heat can pass through

Question 33

What are the uses of a substance that is inert?

Answer 33

* Paint * Sunscreen * Glass

Question 34

What are the uses of a substance that is corrosive resistant?

Answer 34

* Glass * Wiring

Question 35

What are the uses of a substance that is a conductor?

Answer 35

* Wiring

Question 36

What is alumina?

Answer 36

Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃)

Question 37

Where is alumina extracted from?

Answer 37

Bauxite Ore

Question 38

What type of material is alumina?

Answer 38

A refractory material

Question 39

What is a refractory material?

Answer 39

A material that is physically and chemically stable at very high temperatures (over 3000 Celsius)

Question 40

What is alumina used for?

Answer 40

Linings for furnaces, kilns and reactors

Question 41

What does a substance need to be a refractory material?

Answer 41

A high melting point

Question 42

What are the types of properties of refractory materials?

Answer 42

* Physical * Thermal * Chemical

Question 43

What are the physical properties of refractory materials?

Answer 43

* Bulk Density * Porosity * Wear Resistance

Question 44

What are the thermal properties of refractory materials?

Answer 44

* High Melting Point * Thermal Conductivity and Shock

Question 45

What are the chemical properties of refractory materials?

Answer 45

* Corrosive Resistance

Question 46

Use of Calcium Hydroxide

Answer 46

In acidic effluent * add later

Question 47

What is a catalyst?

Answer 47

A substance that increases the rate of reaction without being used Catalysts provide an alternative reaction route of lower activation energy

Question 48

Why are catalysts used?

Answer 48

Because catalysts give reactions a lower activation energy

Question 49

What is activation energy?

Answer 49

The minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction