C18 questions

Question 1

what is an acute illness? What is a chronic illness

Answer 1

acute means an illness that has severe symptoms that usually last a short time. Chronic is long term or long lasting

Question 2

what are signs and symptoms of scabies and how is it spread

Answer 2

intense itching and a skin rash that may look like thin burrow tracks. Scabies is spread through direct contact with an infected person

Question 3

what causes shingles

Answer 3

herpes zoster is a skin rash caused by the varicella zoster virus VZV which is the same virus that causes chickenpox

Question 4

what is an open wound and what is a closed wound

Answer 4

an open wound has skin that is not intact, closed wound has skin surface not been broken

Question 5

what is dermatitis and how does it generally look

Answer 5

refers to swelling of the skin and involves swollen reddened irritated and itchy skin

Question 6

what can cause fungal infcetions

Answer 6

weakened immune system or by taking antibiotics

Question 7

what causes arthritis

Answer 7

aging, injury or an autoimmune illness

Question 8

what health problems can anti-inflammatory medications cause

Answer 8

stomach irritation or heartburn can be caused by anti-inflammatory medications

Question 9

what can happen to bones when they are brittle

Answer 9

break easily

Question 10

what can an NA do to prevent or slow osteoporosis

Answer 10

encourige residents to walk and do light exercise as ordered and move residents with osteoporosis very carfully

Question 11

why should extremities in casts be elevated

Answer 11

helps stop swelling

Question 12

when dressing a person who has just had a hip replacement, which side should be dressed first: the affected/weaker side or the unaffected/stronger side

Answer 12

dress starting with the affected/weaker side first

Question 13

what is the difference between a doctors order for partial weight bearing and non weight bearing

Answer 13

partial weight bearing means that the resident is able to support some body weight on one or both legs, non weight bearing means that the resident is unable to touch the floor or support any weight on one or both legs

Question 14

list reasons that knee replacements may be necessary

Answer 14

relieve pain and restore motion to a knee damaged by injury or arthritis and can help stabilize a knee that buckles or gives out repeatedly

Question 15

list three physical problems that muscular dystrophy can cause

Answer 15

wasting away of muscle, weakness and deformity, twitching of the hand and arm muscles and legs may be weak and stiff

Question 16

what is phantom limb pain and what is phantom sensation

Answer 16

person feels that the body part is still there and may experience warmth, tingling, or itching in the area where the limb existed. It occurs when the person feels pain in a limb that has been amputated and can persist

Question 17

what causes a CVA stroke

Answer 17

blood supply to a part of the brain is blocked or a blood vessel leaks or ruptures within the brain

Question 18

what terms should an NA use to refer to the weaker side of a person who has had a stroke

Answer 18

weaker or involved

Question 19

when helping a resident who has had a stroke with transfers or walking, on which side should an NA stand–the weaker or stronger

Answer 19

the NA should stand on the weaker side

Question 20

when dressing a resident with a one sided weakness which side should an NA dress first

Answer 20

weaker side first

Question 21

in which side of the mouth should food be placed if a resident has a one sided weakness

Answer 21

place food in the unaffected or nonparalyzed side of the mouth

Question 22

why may people with Parkinsons disease have trouble eating and bathing themselves

Answer 22

tremors or shaking make it hard for a person to perform ADLs such as eating or bathing

Question 23

when a person has multiple sclerosis, what covering breaks down over time

Answer 23

the myelin sheath covers the nerves, spinal cord, and white matter of the brain

Question 24

what is paraplegia what is quadriplegia

Answer 24

paraplegia is the loss of function of lower body and legs. Quadriplegia is the loss of function of the legs, trunk and arms

Question 25

what consistent blood presssure measurment is classified as hypertension

Answer 25

when blood pressure is consistently 140/90 or higher a person is diagnosed as having hypertension

Question 26

what is the medical term for chest pain, pressure or discomfort

Answer 26

angina pectoris

Question 27

what are some components of a cardiac rehabilitation plan

Answer 27

low cholesterol, low fat died, regular exercise program, blood testing, avoiding cold temperatures, stress management

Question 28

list seven care guidelines for a resident who has congestive heart failure

Answer 28

answer call lights, allow for rest periods, measure I&O, assist with personal care, assist with ROM exercises

Question 29

what time of day should elastic stockings be put on

Answer 29

first thing in the morning before the resident gets out of bed

Question 30

what position might a resident with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD prefer to be in?

Answer 30

sitting upright and leaning forward slightly

Question 31

what are two causes of emphysema

Answer 31

chronic bronchitis and cigarette smoking

Question 32

how is asthma treated

Answer 32

medications that are given directly into the lungs using sprays or inhalers, residents with asthma should avoid triggers that bring on asthma attacks

Question 33

how is bronchiectasis treated

Answer 33

controling infections and preventing complications. Antibiotics and postural drainage may be prescribed

Question 34

when is the best time of day to collect a sputum specimen

Answer 34

early morning

Question 35

why is proper foot care especially important for a resident with diabetes

Answer 35

residents have poor circulation and a small sore can grow into a large would that could result in amputation

Question 36

why is it important for an NA to follow diet instructions exactly for a resident with diabetes

Answer 36

the intake of carbohydrates including breads, potatoes grains pastas and sugars must be regulated. Meals must be eaten at the same time each day and the resident must eat all that is served

Question 37

what is a sexually transmitted infection

Answer 37

infections caused by sexual contact with an infected person and can be transmitted during pregnancy, childbirth, sexual contact, or contact with genitals or mouth/hands

Question 38

how is human immunodeficiency virus HIV spread

Answer 38

HIV is a sexually transmitted disease and is also spread through blood and infected needles

Question 39

what stage of HIV infection is classified as acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS

Answer 39

AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection in which infections tumors and central nervous system symptoms appear due to a weakened immune system that is unable to fight infection

Question 40

because people who have HIV/AIDS are sensitive to infections, what steps should the nursing assistant follow

Answer 40

wash her hands often and follow standard precautions and keep everything clean

Question 41

what are the side effects of chemotherapy and radiation

Answer 41

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, oral sores, hair loss, fatigue, and decreased resistant to infection