C15 - Cultural Influences on Error

Question 1

What does the SHELL model include (5)?

Answer 1

• Software.
• Hardware.
• Environment.
• Liveware.
• Liveware.

Question 2

Which two areas does Reason’s Model of Accident Causation cover?

Answer 2

• Individual Accidents.

- Organisational Accidents.

Question 3

What are the two types of Error in Reason’s Model of Accident Causation?

Answer 3

• Active Error.

- Latent Error.

Question 4

Define Active Error?

Answer 4

Short lived failures linked to an accident.

Question 5

Define Latent Error?

Answer 5

Error which has been dormant in the organisation before contributing to an accident.

Question 6

Define a Threat?

Answer 6

Events/Errors that occur beyond the influence of a Flight Crew.

Question 7

Name two types of Threat?

Answer 7

• Environmental.

- Organisational.

Question 8

What is an Environmental Threat?

Answer 8

The Environment in which flight operations take place.

Question 9

True or False. Some Environmental Threats can be planned for but some arise spontaneously?

Answer 9

True.

Question 10

When can an Environmental Threat be managed?

Answer 10

In real time.

Question 11

How can Organisational Threats be managed?

Answer 11

Can be controlled by Aviation Organisations.

Question 12

Define an Error?

Answer 12

Action/Inaction by the Flight Crew.

Question 13

Name three types of Errors?

Answer 13

• Aircraft Handling.
• Procedural.
• Communication.

Question 14

Define Undesired Aircraft States?

Answer 14

Events which reduce the safety margin.

Question 15

Name three types of Undesired Aircraft States?

Answer 15

• Aircraft Handing.
• Ground Navigation.
• Incorrect Aircraft Configuration.