C08 - Higher Functions Flashcards
Name the two divisions of the Cortex?
- Left Hemisphere.
- Right Hemisphere.
What is the Motor Cortex responsible for?
Initiating voluntary movement.
What is the Sensory Cortex responsible for?
Detecting sensory inputs from various parts of the body.
What happens in the Right Hemisphere of the Cortex?
Non-verbal reasoning and spatial skills.
What happens in the Left Hemisphere of the Cortex?
Speech, Writing, Logic and Conscious Thoughts.
The Brain functions involve what (2)?
- Conscious Activity.
- Unconscious Activity.
Name four Lobes of the Brain?
- Frontal.
- Parietal.
- Occipital/Visual Cortex.
- Temporal.
What does EEG stand for and its purpose (2)?
- Electroencephalogram.
- Show patterns of electrical activity in wave form.
What are the four stages of sleep?
- Drowsiness.
- Light Sleep.
- Deep Sleep.
- REM Sleep.
What does REM stand for?
Rapid-Eye Movement.
When does REM being?
After a person has been in deep sleep for about 1-2 hours.
True or False. REM sleep is also known as Paradoxical Sleep?
True.
During the course of a normal sleep cycle, deep sleep is interspersed with about 4 or 5 periods of REM sleep which last about ‘____’?
20 minutes.
Name two signs a person will exhibit if deprived of Sleep?
- Irritability.
- Decline in Intellectual Performance.
Define Circadian Rhythm?
The pattern of Sleep and Wakefulness.
Approximately how long is the Circadian Rhythm?
25 hours.
True or False. The Circadian Rhythm doesn’t prepare the body for routine events?
False. It does.
The Aviation Industry accident rate is highest when (2)?
- Night.
- Between 2am and 5am.
True or False. After finishing a night shift, a person may find it difficult to sleep? Why (2)?
- True.
- Because the body makes change to prepare for its daily activities.
Name the parameters which the human body senses (9)?
- Sight.
- Hearing.
- Touch.
- Taste.
- Smell.
- Movement.
- Balance and Acceleration.
- Temperature.
- Pain.
Define Perception?
The ability to become aware of the environment through the senses.
Define Mental Model?
When our Brains builds a representation of the environment we see.
Define Cognitive Illusion?
An illusion caused by the misinterpretation of sensory inputs.
Which threat can be associated with Cognitive Illusions?
Critical loss of Situational Awareness.
True or False. It’s difficult for the Brain to reassess a Mental Model?
True.
Name the term given when the Brain automatically copes with apparent changes in size, detail and colour of familiar objects?
Visual Constancy.
Name the term given when the Brain constructs a Mental Model of what the object should look like rather than what it does look like?
Shape Constancy.
Name the term given when the Brain automatically scales up and scales down an image?
Size Constancy.
Which important moment in Aviation is Size Constancy used in?
During the Landing Flare.
Name the term that describes a bias, predisposition or readiness to perceive particular features of stimulus?
Perceptual Set.
Name two ways which Perceptual Set works?
- Selecting Information.
- Interpreting Information.
