C08 - Higher Functions

Question 1

Name the two divisions of the Cortex?

Answer 1

• Left Hemisphere.

- Right Hemisphere.

Question 2

What is the Motor Cortex responsible for?

Answer 2

Initiating voluntary movement.

Question 3

What is the Sensory Cortex responsible for?

Answer 3

Detecting sensory inputs from various parts of the body.

Question 4

What happens in the Right Hemisphere of the Cortex?

Answer 4

Non-verbal reasoning and spatial skills.

Question 5

What happens in the Left Hemisphere of the Cortex?

Answer 5

Speech, Writing, Logic and Conscious Thoughts.

Question 6

The Brain functions involve what (2)?

Answer 6

• Conscious Activity.

- Unconscious Activity.

Question 7

Name four Lobes of the Brain?

Answer 7

• Frontal.
• Parietal.
• Occipital/Visual Cortex.
• Temporal.

Question 8

What does EEG stand for and its purpose (2)?

Answer 8

• Electroencephalogram.

- Show patterns of electrical activity in wave form.

Question 9

What are the four stages of sleep?

Answer 9

• Drowsiness.
• Light Sleep.
• Deep Sleep.
• REM Sleep.

Question 10

What does REM stand for?

Answer 10

Rapid-Eye Movement.

Question 11

When does REM being?

Answer 11

After a person has been in deep sleep for about 1-2 hours.

Question 12

True or False. REM sleep is also known as Paradoxical Sleep?

Answer 12

True.

Question 13

During the course of a normal sleep cycle, deep sleep is interspersed with about 4 or 5 periods of REM sleep which last about ‘____’?

Answer 13

20 minutes.

Question 14

Name two signs a person will exhibit if deprived of Sleep?

Answer 14

• Irritability.

- Decline in Intellectual Performance.

Question 15

Define Circadian Rhythm?

Answer 15

The pattern of Sleep and Wakefulness.

Question 16

Approximately how long is the Circadian Rhythm?

Answer 16

25 hours.

Question 17

True or False. The Circadian Rhythm doesn’t prepare the body for routine events?

Answer 17

False. It does.

Question 18

The Aviation Industry accident rate is highest when (2)?

Answer 18

• Night.

- Between 2am and 5am.

Question 19

True or False. After finishing a night shift, a person may find it difficult to sleep? Why (2)?

Answer 19

• True.

- Because the body makes change to prepare for its daily activities.

Question 20

Name the parameters which the human body senses (9)?

Answer 20

• Sight.
• Hearing.
• Touch.
• Taste.
• Smell.
• Movement.
• Balance and Acceleration.
• Temperature.
• Pain.

Question 21

Define Perception?

Answer 21

The ability to become aware of the environment through the senses.

Question 22

Define Mental Model?

Answer 22

When our Brains builds a representation of the environment we see.

Question 23

Define Cognitive Illusion?

Answer 23

An illusion caused by the misinterpretation of sensory inputs.

Question 24

Which threat can be associated with Cognitive Illusions?

Answer 24

Critical loss of Situational Awareness.

Question 25

True or False. It’s difficult for the Brain to reassess a Mental Model?

Answer 25

True.

Question 26

Name the term given when the Brain automatically copes with apparent changes in size, detail and colour of familiar objects?

Answer 26

Visual Constancy.

Question 27

Name the term given when the Brain constructs a Mental Model of what the object should look like rather than what it does look like?

Answer 27

Shape Constancy.

Question 28

Name the term given when the Brain automatically scales up and scales down an image?

Answer 28

Size Constancy.

Question 29

Which important moment in Aviation is Size Constancy used in?

Answer 29

During the Landing Flare.

Question 30

Name the term that describes a bias, predisposition or readiness to perceive particular features of stimulus?

Answer 30

Perceptual Set.

Question 31

Name two ways which Perceptual Set works?

Answer 31

• Selecting Information.

- Interpreting Information.