C05 - The Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Define the Cardiovascular System?

A

Comprises of the heart, a series of interconnected channels and the blood vessels which carry blood around the body.

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2
Q

Define Arteries?

A

Carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the body tissues.

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3
Q

Define Arterioles?

A

Control the supply of blood to the organs.

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4
Q

Define Capillaries?

A

Responsible for gas and nutrient exchanges between blood and cells.

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5
Q

Define Veins?

A

Drain oxygenated blood from the tissues back to the heart.

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6
Q

Define Blood?

A

A fluid called Plasma which contains Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells and Platelets.

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7
Q

What is the purpose of Red Blood Cells?

A

Carries Oxygen.

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8
Q

What is the purpose of White Blood Cells?

A

Fights infection and diseases.

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9
Q

What is the purpose of Platelets?

A

Repair blood vessels after an injury.

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10
Q

Blood Cells have a lifespan of ‘____’?

A

120 Days.

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11
Q

Where is blood made from?

A

Bone Marrow.

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12
Q

Define Anaemia?

A

A condition of having excessive low Red Blood Cells or reduced Haemoglobin levels.

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13
Q

How is Anaemia caused?

A

Iron Deficiency.

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14
Q

Carbon Monoxide will bind ‘____’ times more readily with Haemoglobin than Oxygen?

A

200.

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15
Q

True or False. A victim of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning will suffer from Hypoxia with signs of Cyanosis?

A

False. No sign of Cyanosis is present with Carbon Monoxide Poisoning.

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16
Q

Name the two ways of contracting Carbon Monoxide Poisoning?

A
  • Cigarettes.

- Internal Combustion Engines.

17
Q

Define a Pulse?

A

Rhythmic contraction of the heart muscle.

18
Q

Define Coronary Arteries?

A

Arteries which supply the heart muscle.

19
Q

Define Cardiac Cycle?

A

The heart’s muscle repeating pattern of contraction and relaxation.

20
Q

Define the Diastole stage?

A

When the heart muscle is relaxed.

21
Q

Define the Systole stage?

A

When the heart muscle contracts.

22
Q

Define Stroke Volume?

A

The volume of blood pumped out the Ventricles during the Systole stage.

23
Q

What is Blood Pressure measured in?

A

mmHg.

24
Q

What is the average Blood Pressure?

A

120mmHg / 80mmHg.

25
Q

Define Hypertension and its Blood Pressure number (2)?

A
  • Abnormally High Blood Pressure.

- 140/90.

26
Q

Name three causes of Hypertension?

A
  • Age.
  • Family History.
  • Obesity.
27
Q

Define Hypotension?

A

Abnormally Low Blood Pressure.

28
Q

True or False. Hypertension and Hypotension can disqualify a Pilot’s licence?

A

True.

29
Q

Define Angina?

A

Progressive narrowing of the Coronary Arteries and Veins.

30
Q

What factors can we control in preserving Cardiovascular Health (5)?

A
  • Hypertension.
  • High Blood Cholesterol.
  • Obesity.
  • Lack of Exercise.
  • Smoking.