C05 - The Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Define the Cardiovascular System?
Comprises of the heart, a series of interconnected channels and the blood vessels which carry blood around the body.
Define Arteries?
Carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the body tissues.
Define Arterioles?
Control the supply of blood to the organs.
Define Capillaries?
Responsible for gas and nutrient exchanges between blood and cells.
Define Veins?
Drain oxygenated blood from the tissues back to the heart.
Define Blood?
A fluid called Plasma which contains Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells and Platelets.
What is the purpose of Red Blood Cells?
Carries Oxygen.
What is the purpose of White Blood Cells?
Fights infection and diseases.
What is the purpose of Platelets?
Repair blood vessels after an injury.
Blood Cells have a lifespan of ‘____’?
120 Days.
Where is blood made from?
Bone Marrow.
Define Anaemia?
A condition of having excessive low Red Blood Cells or reduced Haemoglobin levels.
How is Anaemia caused?
Iron Deficiency.
Carbon Monoxide will bind ‘____’ times more readily with Haemoglobin than Oxygen?
200.
True or False. A victim of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning will suffer from Hypoxia with signs of Cyanosis?
False. No sign of Cyanosis is present with Carbon Monoxide Poisoning.
Name the two ways of contracting Carbon Monoxide Poisoning?
- Cigarettes.
- Internal Combustion Engines.
Define a Pulse?
Rhythmic contraction of the heart muscle.
Define Coronary Arteries?
Arteries which supply the heart muscle.
Define Cardiac Cycle?
The heart’s muscle repeating pattern of contraction and relaxation.
Define the Diastole stage?
When the heart muscle is relaxed.
Define the Systole stage?
When the heart muscle contracts.
Define Stroke Volume?
The volume of blood pumped out the Ventricles during the Systole stage.
What is Blood Pressure measured in?
mmHg.
What is the average Blood Pressure?
120mmHg / 80mmHg.
Define Hypertension and its Blood Pressure number (2)?
- Abnormally High Blood Pressure.
- 140/90.
Name three causes of Hypertension?
- Age.
- Family History.
- Obesity.
Define Hypotension?
Abnormally Low Blood Pressure.
True or False. Hypertension and Hypotension can disqualify a Pilot’s licence?
True.
Define Angina?
Progressive narrowing of the Coronary Arteries and Veins.
What factors can we control in preserving Cardiovascular Health (5)?
- Hypertension.
- High Blood Cholesterol.
- Obesity.
- Lack of Exercise.
- Smoking.
