C1-Behaviourist Approach- Classic study Flashcards

1
Q

In the findings of the study, what was session 2?(2)

A
  • Albert reached out carefully when presented with rat but pulled his hand away when rat tried to nuzzle his hand
  • played happily with blocks
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2
Q

What is the classic study in the behaviourist approach?(1)

A

-Watson and Rayner: Conditioned emotional reaction

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3
Q

In the findings of the study, what was session 3?(2)

A
  • Albert showed a strong fear response when presented with rat and rabbit
  • cried and tried to crawl away but had less violent response to dog and fur coat
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4
Q

In the evaluation of the study, what is generalisability?(2)

A
  • only single child- unrepresentative
  • his reactions would seem to be normal reactions of any baby in those experiences, not a unique personal response to unusual phenomenen
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5
Q

In the evaluation of the study, what are the sections?(6)

A
  • generalisability
  • reliability
  • alternative evidence
  • application
  • validity
  • ethical consideraton
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6
Q

In the evaluation of the study, what is alternative evidence?(2)

A
  • seems reductionist as it only expains the acquisition of the phobia and not why it is maintained
  • there is research to suggest that we are more likely to form a phobia of stimuli that are animate and have an evolutionary reason for evoking fear which doesnt fit with the CC claim. But Seligman suggests that we are more biologically prepared to fear items such as snakes and spiders because they pose a threat to our species
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7
Q

In the evaluation of the study, what is validity?(1S,1W)

A

+internal validity- high- measured what it intended to
-ecological validity - low- albert away from playroom and familiar nurses so may have been nervous so hard to generalise to real life situations

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8
Q

In the evaluation of the study, what is application?(2S,1W)

A

+treating phobias using knowledge of conditioning
+SD
-flooding- exposing someone to feared stimulus, letting them experience panic

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9
Q

In the evaluation of the study, what is ethical considerations?(2S,1W)

A

+presumed consent
+right to withdraw- musr have had right to withdraw as Albert did get removed by his mother at the end
-protection from psychological harm- experienced greater distress than he would in everyday life, so they ultimately created fear in young child. They also made his experience worse by not letting him suck his thumb

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10
Q

In the findings of the study, what was session 1?(2)

A
  • joint stimulation involving rat and noise

- albert fell forward whimpering the 2nd time

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11
Q

In the findings of the study, what was emotional tests?(2)

A
  • no fear response to objects by conditioning

- mother reported never seem him in state of fear or rage and he rarely cried

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12
Q

In the procedure of the study, what was session 5?(3)

A
  • effect of time
  • no emotional tests had been previously conducted
  • final test included santa clause masks, fur coat, rat, rabbit, dog and blocks
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13
Q

In the procedure of the study, what was session 4?(3)

A
  • changing the environment
  • his conditioned emotional response was freshened using joint stimulation
  • taken to a new environment in a room with 4 people presented with the same objects again
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14
Q

In the procedure of the study, what are the 6 sections within the procedure?(6)

A
  • emotional tests
  • session 1
  • session 2
  • session 3
  • session 4
  • session 5
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15
Q

What is the methodology in the study?(3)

A
  • controlled observation (well lit dark room)
  • one male pp aged 9 months
  • was referred to as ‘Albert B’ but also known as ‘Little Albert’
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16
Q

In the procedure of the study, what was session 3?(3)

A
  • generalisation
  • presented with rat, wooden blocks, dog, rabbit, seal, fur coat, cotton wool and watsons hair
  • questioned whether the learned link between rat and noise would be generalised to other objects
17
Q

In the procedure of the study, what was session 1?(3)

A
  • establishing conditioned emotional response
  • 11 months and 3 days old
  • white rat was presented to him and he started to reach for it and a bar was struck behind his head twice
18
Q

In the procedure of the study, what was session 2?(4)

A
  • testing the conditioned emotional response
  • 11 months and 10 days old
  • shown the rat with no sound to see if previous experience affected their behaviour with rat
  • he was then exposed to joint stimulation 5x
19
Q

In the evaluation of the study, what is reliability?(3)

A
  • standardised procedure- high levels of control can be repeated and replicated
  • carefully documented- his age was documented at each session and what happened to him
  • filmed and original footage is still around
20
Q

What was the conclusion of the study?(3)

A
  • fear response can be conditioned in infants and this was evident after only two ‘joint stimulation’
  • watson thought freud was wrong in claiming that the objects were symbols for deeper emotional needs or that we have an unconscious mind
  • watson claimed that fears and emotions were conditioned through direct experience
21
Q

In the findings of the study, what was session 5?(1)

A

-Alberts reaction to furry objects was less extreme overtime but still present

22
Q

In the findings of the study, what was session 4?(1)

A

-Alberts response rat, rabbit, and dog were less extreme in new enviornment

23
Q

In the procedure of the study, what was emotional tests?(3)

A
  • 9 months old
  • introduced new objects such as rat and rabbit
  • he was tested with a loud sound