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Pharmacology FINAL (2nd sem) > C: 14-17 > Flashcards

C: 14-17 Flashcards

1
Q

Quinolone
Fluroquinolone

A

2nd gene: Norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin (pseudomonas), ofloxacin
QuinolCON LM!
3rd gene: Levofloxacin. for monaLiza (Pseudomonas)
4th: Moxifloxacin

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2
Q

Quinolone
Fluroquinolone

MOA

A

Inhiibit Topo 2
תחשבי על מלכה עם שתי צמות כאלו יפות מסביב לראש
Mainly G- and UTI
מונה ליזה בהריון עם רגליים נפוחות SE cartilage and teratogenic
QT prolonged

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3
Q

What is quinolone?

A

1st gene fluoro
Nalidixic acid

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4
Q

Special indication 2nd gene

A

2nd line of therapy fot TB

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5
Q

ciprofloxacin

A

Topical otitis externa

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6
Q

Aminoglycosides MOA

A

inhibit 30S

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7
Q

Macrolides
Ketolides

A

Clarithromycin
Erythromycin/Roxythromycin
Azithromycin
Telythromycin- people on keto want to tell you about it

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8
Q

Telythromycin

A

Give for mcrolides resistant pneumonia

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9
Q

Macrolides
Ketolides

MOA

A

Bind 50S
from P site to A site
Stops CYP450
QT prolongation

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10
Q

Clindamycin
Streptogramin
Oxalidinone

A

Clindamycin
Streptogramin: Quinupristin, Dalfopristin
Oxalidinone: Linezolid

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11
Q

Clindamycin

A

Clean all the extra weight!
50 S gym
Anaerobic!
Staph, Strep, MRSA
GU/GI

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12
Q

Streptogramin

A

Quinupristin, Dalfopristin
block exit at 50S
איזה מלכה מי שמרימה 50 קילו! מלכה שקוראים לה דלפי

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13
Q

Linezolid

A

Inhibit initiation complex on 50S
MRSA, VRE
Dont give with SSRI’s
Inhibitor of MAO-A/B

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14
Q

Linezolid inhibit

A

MAO-A/B
They put a line on MAO

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15
Q

Glycopeptides
MOA and activity spectrum

A

Teicoplanin
Oritavacin
Vancomycin

Bind at D-ala D-ala. terminus of peptidoglycan pentapeptide side chain to inhibit trans-glycosylation, and cell wall synthesis.( interferes with cross linking and elongation of peptidoglycan)
גלייקופפטיידס זה טוב! TOV

Bactericidal glycoprotein

Narrow spectrum for vancomycin, used to treat serious infections by drug resistance gram +

can be used in combo with 3rd gen cephalosporin( ceftriaxone) for treating PRSP.

  • gram + ( MRSA , PRSP)
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16
Q

glycopeptides

pharmacokinetics and interactions

A
  • Vancomycin :
    • Parenteral
    • oral for c.difficle colitis ( NOT absorbed throug GI)
    • Renal elimination (dosage modification important in pts with renal impairement)
    • I.V only (penetrates most tissues and eliminated unchanged in urine)
    • long half life
  • Teicoplanin
    • long half life (45-70hrs), once daily dosing
  • Oritavancin
    • I.V
    • very long half life ( >10 days) , once weekly dosing
  • Telavancin
    • I.V , once daily
  • Dalbavancin
    • I.V
    • very long half life (>10days), once weekly
17
Q

Glycopeptides

toxicities

A
  • red man syndrome ( Rapid I.V infusion may cause diffuse flushing from histamine release)
  • rare nephrotoxicty
  • chills
  • fever
  • phlebitis
  • ototoxicity
18
Q

resistance to Vancomycin

A
  • Decreased affinity of vancomycin for binding site (replacement of terminal D-ALA-D-lactate)
    • VRE ( vancomycin- resistant enterococcus)
    • VRSA ( staph.a)
19
Q

Lipopeptides

A

Daptomycin = cyclic lipopeptide with spectrum similar to vancomycin.

  • effective against gram + , VRE, VRSA
  • Used in endocarditis and sepsis
  • Drug inserts into cytoplasmic membrane–> causing K leak & cell death.
  • Eliminated by kidney (Monitor Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) because may cause myopathy)

Bind and Depol of the cells membrane (destabilizes membrane)
MRSA
VRE

20
Q

Fusidans

A

Fusidic adis
EF-G inhibition
Cellulitis and impetigo

21
Q

Bacitracin

A

peptide antibiotic

interferes with late stage in cell wall synthesis in gram +.

Interfers with membrane carrier molecules that transport the building-blocks of the peptidoglycan bacterial cell wall outside of the inner membrane

  • topical use only (marked nephrotoxicity)
22
Q

Bacitracin SE

A

Nephrotoxicity so give topical

23
Q

Muripocin

A

Topical
Inhibit tRNA synthetase

24
Q

Daptomycin

A
25
Q

Cycloserine ( not in drug list)

A
  • Anti-metabolite : blocks incorporation of D-ALA into the pentapeptide side chain of peptidoglycan.
  • Due its potential neurotoxicity (tremor, seizures, psychosis)
    • Only used to treat TB caused by resistant organism to 1st line drugs

Pharmacology FINAL (2nd sem) (37 decks)

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