[C] 1.1 Objective, task and investigation methods of pathology Flashcards
The study of pathology is defined as…
Functional and morphological changes in the body during disease
Latin etymology of “Pathology”
pathologia - pathos logos
Sciences consisting withing the field of pathology
Science of:
- Disease (nosologia)
- Defects (defectus)
- Malformations (vitium)
Diagnostic pathology
An autopsy
- Cause of death - Group or individual
- Used to explain decreased production
Forensic pathology
Autopsy
- Determines cause of death from a legal perspective
Surgical pathology
Histological examination of surgically excised tissue
- Facilitates diagnosis and prognosis for a living animal
- Can be used as the basis of therapy
Experimental pathology
Investigation technique
- Correlates morphologic changes with clinical, functional and biochemical parameters
- Elucidates the mechanisms of disease
Comparative pathology
Compares human and animal pathologies
List the methods to recognise/investigate disease
- Autopsy
- Histopathology
- Immunohistochemistry
- EM investigations
- Toxicological, parasitological, bacteriological, virological investigations
- Molecular biological investigations
Autopsy
sectio cadaveris
- Dissection of the carcass
- Use of sensory organs (vision, smell, palpation, hearing)
- Collect visible changes
- Photodocumentation
Pathognomic changes
Changes in the body which may be/lead to the cause of death
E.g heart infarction, pyonephrosis, gastric torsion
Histopathology
Investigation using a light microscope with (FFPE) tissues
- Hematoxylin and eosin staining
- Special staining methods
Immunohistochemistry techniques
- In situ hybridisation
- Immunofluorescence
- Immunoperoxidase
Molecular biological investigation techniques
- PCR
- Sequence determination
- Next generation sequences
Individual and herd diagnosis purpose
Infections, parasitoses, toxicoses
- Epidemic prevention
- Mass infections
