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FDMHIST > Byzantine Empire > Flashcards

Byzantine Empire Flashcards

1
Q

own spaces of women where they engage in activities like spinning and weaving

A

GYNAIKONITIS

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2
Q

Notable Woman in Byzantine Era

  • wife of emperor Justinian
  • influenced reforms beneficial to women
  • ex. prohibiting prostitution, punishment for rape/violence against women, divorce, child guardianship, property ownership
A

Empress Theodora

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3
Q

where the Byzantine costume took its form

A

Roman Empire

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4
Q

From the Romans, the Byzantines inherited their basic clothing forms:

A

TUNIC & TOGA for men
STOLA for women

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5
Q

Byzantine’s most basic garment (they prefer simple flowing clothes)

a long flowing men’s tunic with wide sleeves and hem

A

DALMATICA

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6
Q

Byzantine Style of Clothing

A

modest about showing flesh
- garments were close to the neck
- sleeves all the way to the wrist
- hemlines all the way to the ground

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7
Q

layering of clothing for MEN in Byzantine Empire

A

tunic and trousers under dalmatica
(with long cloak PALUDAMENTUM as outer garment)

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8
Q

layering of clothing for WOMEN in Byzantine Empire

A

wore long under undergarment under the STOLA (with long cloak PALUDAMENTUM as outer garment)

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9
Q

both men and women of Byzantine empire wore a long outer garment, the cloak called:

A

PALUDAMENTUM

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10
Q

Byzantine Empire’s trade with the Middle East and the Orient brought what into Constantinople?

A

exotic fabrics

rich Byzantines eagerly adopted colors, patterns, and fabrics into their custom tradition

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11
Q

Women’s Clothing in Byzantine Empire

A

Shape-concealing, multilayered

CHEMISE
SHORT TUNIC
STOLA
PALLA

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12
Q

a part of Women’s Clothing in Byzanine Empire

ankle length, fitted undergarment

A

CHEMISE (Camisia)

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13
Q

a part of Women’s Clothing in Byzanine Empire

revealed the chemise, may be girdled above the waist

A

SHORT TUNIC

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14
Q

a part of Women’s Clothing in Byzanine Empire

long dress

A

STOLA

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15
Q

a part of Women’s Clothing in Byzanine Empire

the last layer

A

PALLA

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16
Q

Lavish Look of Byzantine Women

A
  1. Diadem inlaid with semi-precious stones
  2. Band of pearl-encrusted embroidery
  3. Diaphanous skil veil with fringed ends
  4. Patterned silks
  5. Embroidered end panel of waist-sash (proof that they tied their under-tunic around the waist)
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17
Q

Lavish Look of Byzantine Women

A
  1. Diadem inlaid with semi-precious stones
  2. Band of pearl-encrusted embroidery
  3. Diaphanous skil veil with fringed ends
  4. Patterned silks
  5. Embroidered end panel of waist-sash (proof that they tied their under-tunic around the waist)
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18
Q

Regalia of Empress Theodora

A
  1. wears a crown of various jewels
  2. wears tyrian purple robes
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19
Q

meanings of Empress Theodora’s elaborate robes and crown jewels

A
  • means of EMPHASIZING her power and rank as Empress
  • to uplift the IMAGE of the Byzantine Empire as a whole
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20
Q

Empress Theodora crown

A
  • crown of various jewels (emeralds, rubies, and sapphires)
  • dotted with pearls and lined with gold
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21
Q

Empress Theodora’s robes

A
  • TYRIAN PURPLE
  • embroidered with gold
  • neck of robe is adorned with jewels
    (matching her earrings and necklace)
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22
Q

Clothing of Men in Byzantine Empire

A

DALMATICA and TUNICS

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23
Q
  • T-shaped, may be short or reaching to the ground
  • Distinctly Eastern-influenced
  • bright colored with fringes and jeweled embroidery
A

Men’s Dalmatica

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24
Q

Sleeves of men’s long tunics

A

sleeves fitted to the wrist

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25
Q

Sleeves of men’s short tunics

A
  • long sleeves cut wider at the arm
  • tapering closely at the wrist
  • could be seen through the opening of the cloaks
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26
Q

Men’s Tunics Elements

A

CLAVI
SEGMENTAE
ROUNDELS

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27
Q

two narrow vertical stripes found in the tunic called the ANGUSTICLAVA

28
Q

men’s tunic with the two narrow stripes (CLAVI)

A

ANGUSTICLAVA

29
Q

rectangular medallions typically added to men’s tunics

30
Q

circular motifs placed on men’s tunics to add decoration

31
Q

Tunics of the Wealthy in Byzantine Empire

A
  • Decorated with vertical and horizontal bands that were elaborately embroidered and appliquéd with precious stones
  • Fabrics had all-over patterns, displaying Oriental influence
32
Q

Imperial Wear in Byzantine Empire

A
  1. PROPOLOMA
  2. PRAIPENDOULA
  3. MANIAKIS/SUPERHUMERAL
  4. TABLION (or CLAIMS)
  5. SCARAMANGION
  6. LOROS
  7. PARAGAUDA
33
Q

Imperial Wear in Byzantine Empire
- a rectangular panel ornamented with embroidery or jewels
- attached to the ceremonial mantle (front of cloak) of members of the court

A

TABLION (or CLAIMS)

34
Q

Imperial Wear in Byzantine Empire
- riding coat of Persian origin
- opening down the front and normally coming to the mid-thigh
- worn by Emperors

A

SCARAMANGION

35
Q

Imperial Wear in Byzantine Empire
- long, narrow embroidered cloth
- wrapped around the torso and draped over the left hand
- most important part of the imperial costume until the end of the empire

36
Q

Imperial Wear in Byzantine Empire
- border of thick cloth, usually including gold
- indicator of rank

37
Q

Imperial/ Clerical Wear

A
  1. STICHARYON
  2. MANIPLE
38
Q

Imperial/Clerical Wear
- a chiton for ceremonial purposes
- also worn by clergy

A

STICHARYON

39
Q

Imperial/Clerical Wear
- a cloth of fine quality to wipe away perspiration
- or an ornamental Handkerchief
- was seldom put to actual use but was generally carried at the left hand
- first used by people of rank but later by the clergy

40
Q

Fabrics of the Byzantine Empire

A
  1. SILK —> SAMITE
  2. BROCADES
41
Q

They wove their silk into a strong fabric called _____, which sometimes had gold thread into the material

42
Q

what weavers in 3rd century used to produce PATTERNED FABRICS

43
Q
  • stiffness and luminosity
  • featured Christian iconography
  • Byzantine ____ was the default apparel of nobility
44
Q
  • fine form of punching
  • work “shaped” between
  • involved delicately piercing metal sheets to create fine patterns
A

OPUS INTERRASILE

45
Q

Religious Byzantine Jewelry

A

made heavy use of cross and other religious symbols

46
Q

jewelry work by the Virgin Mary in the mosaic work in the dome of the Hagia Sophia

A

enameled cuffs to secure the ends of her sleeves

47
Q

jewelry displayed in the Museum of Byzantine Culture in Thessaloniki

A

WRISTBANDS with birds and palmettes

48
Q
  • used as jewelry
  • saw it as a portable portrait of the Emperor (wearing his image showed confidence in the empire’s wealth and stability)
49
Q

used lavishly in Byzantine Jewelry

A

plentiful PEARLS with diamonds and other precious gems

50
Q

Byzantine Crowns

A
  1. MURALIS
  2. KAMELAUKION
51
Q

Byzantine Crown
- resembling a crenelated castle
- has 2 horizontal bands adorned by precious stones and triangular motifs at the top

52
Q

Byzantine Crown
- hemispherically shaped
- used to indicate imperial headgear decorated with pearls and enamels
- simple ver. was used as helmets by soldiers

A

KAMELAUKION

53
Q

Rule by Emperor Justinian
- Only Royal Use: sapphires, emeralds, and pearls
- Free Man Use: a gold ring

A

Justinian Code

54
Q

Women’s Hairstyles in Byzantine Empire

A
  • common: braids, bun, ringlets, wigs for volume
  • net or bonnet to hold hair tightly
  • MAPHORION
55
Q

4th-5th centuries Women Hairstyles in Byzantine Empire

A
  • hair was divided in the middle in 2 plaits
  • gathered at the nape
  • or encircled the head like a crown
  • could be decorated with pearls
56
Q

Byzantine Empire Headdress
- a garment covering the head shaped like a mantle or a hood
- worn by women outdoors

57
Q

Men’s Hairstyles in Byzantine Empire

A
  • Caesar Cut
  • decor: gold fillets or circlets (more elaborate with status)
  • Petasos and Skiadon
58
Q

men’s hair short and cut straight at the forehead

A

CAESAR CUT

59
Q

Men’s Headgear in Byzantine Empire

A
  1. PETASOS
  2. SKIADON
60
Q

Men’s Headgear
- a sunhat
- worn more for the purpose of service

61
Q

Men’s Headgear
- a tall, pointed Byzantine hat

62
Q

Byzantine Grooming

A
  • hair-dyes (with young boy’s urine) used by both men and women
  • make-up containers (crucibles, containers, applicators, and spoons)
  • anti-wrinkle creams, perfumes, and lotions (found in caskets with engraved images of the Muses)
63
Q

Byzantine Footwear

A
  • little is known (since feet is hidden in paintings)
  • could be similar to SOLEA (sandals) and CALCEI (covered shoes) of Roman Empire
64
Q

Byzantine Footwear in 6th Century AD

A
  • soft leather shoes
  • well-preserved
  • decorated with the Christian cross
  • geometric designs in gold leaf
  • worn by ppl w wealth and prominence
65
Q

Imperial Wear of Byzantine Empire

padded fan shaped headdress worn by high ranking women

66
Q

Imperial Wear of Byzantine Empire

a string of large pearls ending with the cluster to frame the face

A

PRAIPENDOULA

67
Q

Imperial Wear of Byzantine Empire

a separate collar of gold-embroidered, jewel-encrusted fabric

A

MANIAKIS or SUPERHUMERAL

FDMHIST (21 decks)

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