Ancient Egyptian Era Flashcards
3 constant Qualities of Clothing in Ancient Egypt (caused by extreme heat)
- Roomy
- Light
- Spare
other info on clothes in Ancient Egypt
- most garments were square/rectangular and were draped and tied around the body
- appearing naked is considered lowly and immoral (only slaves and children appeared naked)
- tradition reflected on their clothes
- clothes reflected the strict hierarchical nature of society (distinguished rank)
- not just the style, but CLOTH was used to distinguish them
FABRICS of Ancient Egyptians
- LINEN
- REED
- BYBLUS &PAPYRUS PLANTS
- COTTON
- LEATHER
- WOOL
- SILK
FABRIC of Ancient Egyptians
- one of the oldest fabrics made by man
- worn by everyone
- upper class: have exceptionally fine version
- working class: coarser fabric
does not hold dye very well, so it was usually left in its natural golden state or bleached white
- derived from vegetable fibers and later the flax plant
LINEN
FABRIC of Ancient Egyptians
- was fashioned and matter into simple garments for slaves
REED
FABRIC of Ancient Egyptians
- were worked into short, tight-fitting costumes like aprons
BYBLUS and PAPYRUS PLANTS
FABRIC of Ancient Egyptians
- was used to make TUNICS and ROBES
- could be embroidered with Gold
COTTON
FABRIC of Ancient Egyptians
- was used to make battle dress
LEATHER
FABRIC of Ancient Egyptians
- was considered unclean
- only used for outer garment
WOOL
FABRIC of Ancient Egyptians
- was later introduced by the Greeks and Romans
SILK
COLORS with meaning in Ancient Egypt
- GREEN
- YELLOW
- WHITE
- BLACK
GREEN in Ancient Egypt
life and youth
YELLOW in Ancient Egypt
symbol of Gold, flesh of the immortal gods
WHITE in Ancient Egypt
happiness
BLACK in Ancient Egypt
- rarely appeared in their clothing
- used for wigs
how Egyptians dyed their cloth
- used indigenous ingredients
- red dye came from Alkanna tinctoria or Rubia tinctorum
Men’s Clothing in Ancient Egypt
- SCHENTI
- SHENDYT
- SHIRT WITH OVERSKIRT
- TUNIC
Men’s Clothing in Ancient Egypt
- generally shorter than knee-length
- fitted around the hips
- ornamental effect was achieved by draping
- other styles have pleated skirts
- later was cut in a more angular fashion and starched so that the cloth was stiff enough to stick out at the front of the body
- for men, the front must be emphasized to accentuate the genitals
SCHENTI
Men’s Clothing in Ancient Egypt
- short-sleeved night-shirt
- could be worn over the schenti
TUNIC
Men’s Clothing in Ancient Egypt
- was complicated in form
- made from a piece of cloth approx twice as long as the wearer’s height
ROBE
TUNIC and ROBE in Ancient Egypt description
- wide neckline
- voluminous silhouette
- provided fullness
- skirt was gathered at the waist, kept in place by a FIBULA
a brooch-style fastener to keep the TUNIC and ROBE in place
FIBULA
Pharaoh’s Clothing
1 half pleated kilt of finest linen with a pleated section drawn to the front
2. Leopard Skin over his shoulders
3. Lion’s Tail hanging from his belt
Pharaoh’s Headdresses
- NEMES
- KEHPRESH
- URAEUS
Pharaoh’s Headdress
- blue & gold headcloth
- parang bob haircut pag sinuot
NEMES
Pharaoh’s Headdress
- helmet-like crown to indicate political rank
- round hat going upwards ganern
KEHPRESH
Pharaoh’s Headdress
- on the brow of either headdress
- protective curled cobra
- worn by both kings and queens
URAEUS
Women’s Clothing in Ancient Egypt Evolution
- Old Kingdom
- KALASIRIS, a tight, long dress - 18th Dynasty
- billowing, diaphanous, pleated dress - Middle Kingdom
- a long, single fabric wound around the body and tied with a belt
Women’s Clothing in Ancient Egypt
- a tight, long dress
- two v-shaped stripes at the top to cover the torso
- Old Kingdom
KALASIRIS
Women’s Clothing in Ancient Egypt
- most common garment for women of all classes
- close-fitting tube of fabric
- beginning above or below the breast and ending around the lower calf or ankle
- skills in beadwork became well-developed over time
Wrapped Dress/ Sheath
and Beaded Net Dress
Women’s Clothing in Ancient Egypt
- most numerous garment in ancient Egyptian women
- may be sleeveless or with sleeves
- may be pleated or plain
- SASHES: made of rope, plain-weaved linen, most likely with fringes or tassels, help to keep clothing in place
TUNICS and V-NECKED DRESSES
Women’s Clothing in Ancient Egypt
- most complex worn by Egyptian women
- wives of pharaohs and the nobility are shown wearing these
PLEATED and DRAPED LONG DRESS
Ancient Egypt Jewelry
- USEKH (+armbands and bracelets)
- PECTORAL
- JEWELED APRON
- MENAT
- RING
Ancient Egypt Jewelry
- bib
- only worn by pharaohs
USEKH
Ancient Egypt Jewelry
- brooch/amulet
- pic ex: eagle thingi
PECTORAL
Ancient Egypt Jewelry
- usekh civilian ver.
- eagle heads on each side
MENAT
Popular Themes in Ancient Egyptian Jewelry
- SCARAB
- THE EYE OF HORUS
- ANKH
Popular Theme in Ancient Egyptian Jewelry
- the symbol of a beetle that represented the sun god and rebirth
SCARAB
Popular Theme in Ancient Egyptian Jewelry
- also called the “Wedjat eye”
- considered a potent good luck charm
- sign of prosperity and protection
THE EYE OF HORUS
Popular Theme in Ancient Egyptian Jewelry
- “Egyptian Cross” or “Key of Life”
- represents eternal life and power
ANKH
the Queen’s Headdresses in Ancient Egypt
- The Vulture Crown
- Nefertiti’s Cap Crown
Queen’s Headdress in Ancient Egypt
- shaped like a bird
The Vulture Crown
Queen’s Headdress in Ancient Egypt
- square-ish tube going upward
- chef hat kinda ganern
Nefertiti’s Cap Crown
The Pharaoh’s Regalia
the crook and flail
(HEKA and NEKHAKA)
The Pharaoh’s Regalia
- shepherd’s crook
- stood for kingship
HEKA
The Pharaoh’s Regalia
- the flail
- for the fertility of the land
NEKHAKA
Ancient Egyptian Hairstyles
- short/shaved for men of all classes (sometimes trimmed moustache)
- TRIPARTITE STYLE
- THICK, SHOULDER LENGTH BOB for women
- SIDELOCK OF YOUTH for children
Ancient Egyptian Hairstyle for Men of all classes
- wore their hair short
- or had shaven heads
- sometimes with a trim moustache
Ancient Egyptian Hairstyle
- 3 separate sections of hair
- down the back and in front of each shoulder
TRIPARTITE STYLE
Ancient Egyptian Hairstyle
- favored by women during the early period
thick, shoulder-length bob
Ancient Egyptian Hairstyle
- children were usually shaven with a ________
- plait on one side of the head
SIDELOCK OF YOUTH
Hairstyle for premarital women and servant girls in Ancient Egypt
- just fell over the shoulders
- with ringlets to either side of the face
wigs of the poor in Ancient Egypt
made of wool
skills of Egyptians in Hairstyling
- Egyptians were expert wig makers
- both men and women wore wigs
Men in Ancient Egypt wore wigs for:
religious feasts and ceremonies
Make-up in Ancient Egypt (uses)
- had both practical and symbolic purposes
- also worn by men
- used for religious ceremonies
- essential part of the afterlife, was included in burial rituals
Make-up in Ancient Egypt (description)
- underline and widen eyes
- lengthen eyebrows, arched them down to their cheeks in the form of an arabesque (symbol of clairvoyance)
- red lip gloss
- orange blush to flush the skin
Make-up in Ancient Egypt
- dark powder made of galena and green malachite
- used to underline and widen their eyes
KOHL
Grooming in Ancient Egypt
- women bathe every morning
- daily massages to keep slim
- exfoliation
- oiled skin to keep it soft and supple
- deodorant
- chewed roots to clean teeth
- gargled milk and herbs to keep breath fresh
Footwear in Ancient Egypt
- early Egyptians were often bare-footed
- SANDALS were the oldest form of footwear
- Footwear was a luxury
- working class sandals were made from papyrus, grass, and other reeds
- wealthiest wore sandals made of ox leather, sometimes with buckles made from precious metals
- little evidence of closed shoes
