building a human

Question 1

week 1 of human development is concerned with-

Answer 1

formation of supporting tissues and implantation

Question 2

what follows immediately after fertilisation

Answer 2

cleavage - rapid cell divisions without growth, dividing embryo into numerous small cells

Question 3

cleavage generates the ….. - trophoblast is outer layer (interacts with uterus)

Answer 3

blastocyst

Question 4

embryo is derived from …. of blastocyst

Answer 4

inner cell mass

Question 5

inner cell mass rearranges to form 2 layers - blastodisc:

Answer 5

epiblast and hypoblast

Question 6

….. is the process through which cells sort out to generate the body plan. inward movement of cell form the epiblast

Answer 6

gastrulation

Question 7

germ layers (3)

Answer 7

endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

Question 8

development proceeds from ….. to ….

Answer 8

anterior to posterior

Question 9

development proceeds from ….. to ….

Answer 9

anterior to posterior

Question 10

neurulation -

Answer 10

formation of neural tubule - starts anterior end, ends in posterior

Question 11

neural crest gives rise to ….. NS, pigments and in head skeleton

Answer 11

PNS

Question 12

the ….. is reduced in mammals but has important developmental roles. lost in childhood

Answer 12

notochord

Question 13

somites are blocks of

Answer 13

mesoderm

Question 14

somitogenesis - bud off from the … part of the presomitic mesoderm

Answer 14

anterior

Question 15

neural crest migration and motor nerves are organised by the internal subdivision of the …

Answer 15

somites

Question 16

derivates of the mesoderm - somites form

Answer 16

sclerotome (skeletal tissue)
myotome (muscle)
dermatome (dermis)

Question 17

kidney and gonads - which germ layer

Answer 17

mesoderm

Question 18

defects in somitogenesis results in

Answer 18

scoliosis

Question 19

endoderm is the source of much of the

Answer 19

viscera
-foregut, midgut, hindgut

Question 20

bones of the skull derived from both

Answer 20

neural crest and mesoderm

Question 21

neural tube and neural crest - which germ layer
and which week of development is neural tube formed

Answer 21

ectoderm
3rd and 4th week of gestation

Question 22

neural tube and neural crest gives rise to

Answer 22

brain, spinal cord, PNS

Question 23

notochord - which germ layer
and which week of development

Answer 23

mesoderm, by beginning of 4th week
-vertebrae development

Question 24

somitogenesis

Answer 24

somites bud off from anterior of presomitic mesoderm to posterior

Question 25

somites controls

Answer 25

neural crest migration and motor nerves organisation

Question 26

defects in somitogenesis

Answer 26

scoliosis

Question 27

intermediate mesoderm gives rise to

Answer 27

kidney and gonads

Question 28

chorda mesoderm gives rise to

Answer 28

notochord

Question 29

paraxial mesoderm gives rise to

Answer 29

endothelial cells

Question 30

bones of the skull are derived from

Answer 30

neural crest and mesoderm

Question 31

development of frontonasal region =

Answer 31

fusion of lots of primordia

Question 32

development of secondary palate =

Answer 32

growth, elevation, fusion of palatal shelves