Breast pathology

Question 1

Fibroadenoma

Answer 1

benign breast tumor made up of glandular and connective tissue

patient presents with a painless, solid round lump that can be easily moved

radiographic appearance; well encapsulated round and lobulated calcification

mammography is the gold standard imaging

Question 2

ductal papiloma

Answer 2

benign wart like tumour within the milk ducts

presents as small lump near the nipple with nipple discharge or bleeding.

calcification in the milk ducts

Question 3

cysts

Answer 3

build up of fluid

appears as a round or oval fluid filled structure

palpable lump

Question 3

cysts

Answer 3

build up of fluid

appears as a round or oval fluid filled structure

palpable lump

Question 4

ductal carcinoma

Answer 4

breast cancer in the milk ducts

presents as a firm painless lump with potential nipple discharge

appears as small clusters of calcification

Question 5

intra-ductal carcinoma

Answer 5

abnormal cells in the lining of the breast duct

presents with thickening or redness of breast skin, dimpling or retraction of breast or nipple.

Question 6

lobular carcinoma

Answer 6

breast cancer in the lobules

presents with pain, thickening and hardening in the breast, change of breast skin texture, inverted nipple

Question 7

gynecomastia

Answer 7

when males develop breast tissue due to hormonal imbalance of estrogen and androgen