BRANCHES OF GEOLOGY

Question 1

It is concerned with “various processes of physical agents such as wind, water, glaciers, and sea waves,” which are constantly modifying the Earth.

Answer 1

Physical Geology

Question 2

• It reveals the constructive and destructive processes of the agents at a particular site/place.
• It helps in selecting a suitable site physically, chemically, and mechanically

Answer 2

Physical Geology

Question 3

deals with the study of crystal structures. It plays a vital role in recognizing minerals.

Importance for Civil Engineers:
* It helped them better understand what compounds or phases the material is made.

Answer 3

Crystallography

Question 4

concerned with the origin, composition, properties and structure of minerals.

Importance of Mineralogy:
* For Civil Engineering students to identify rocks.
* In industries such as cement, iron and steel, fertilizers, glass industry, etc.
* In the production of atomic energy

Answer 4

Mineralogy

Question 5

the study of rocks and the processes that form and transform them

Vital role in Civil Engineering:
* To identify a rock suitable for building stones, road metals, etc.

Answer 5

Petrology

Question 6

examines the vastness of geologic time, measured in billions of years, and
investigates changes in the Earth, gradual and sudden, over this deep time.

Vital role in Civil Engineering:
* Reconstruct the geological history of Earth using the principles and methods of geology

Answer 6

Historical Geology

Question 7

Deals with Earth materials that can be used for economic or industrial development purposes.

Vital role in Civil Engineering:
* Exploration for mineral resources and help determine which deposits are economically
worthwhile to mine.

Answer 7

Economic Geology

Question 8

This branch of geology deals with the study of application of geology to mining engineering in such a way that selection of suitable sites for quarrying and mines can be determined.

Vital role in Civil Engineering:
* To extract soils or mines economically

Answer 8

Mining Geology

Question 9

It deals with all the geological problems that arise in the field of civil engineering along with suitable treatments.

Vital role in Civil Engineering:
* To construct dams, and Tunnels
* Building stones and road materials

Answer 9

Geology Engineering

Question 10

The study of movement, distribution, and quality of water on Earth and of the planets,
including the hydrologic cycle, water resources and environmental watershed sustainability

Vital role in Civil Engineers:
* It determines the water balance for a particular region.
* To mitigate and predicts flood, landslide and drought risk in the region.
* To estimate the water resource potential of the river basins.

Answer 10

Hydrology