Brainstem Nuclei

Question 1

Vestibular nuclei: balance and equilibrium
Lateral

Answer 1

ipsilateral extensor reflexes (fall prevention)

Question 2

Vestibular nuclei: balance and equilibrium
Medial

Answer 2

head neck, trunk (posture)

Question 3

Reticular Formation
Pontine

Answer 3

facilitate extensor/inhibit flexor

Question 4

Reticular Formation
Medullary

Answer 4

inhibit extensor/facilitate flexo

Question 5

Red nuclei

Answer 5

Facilitates flexion of contralateral upper limb (arm swing)

Question 6

Motor neurons for the eye muscles and tongue are on the

Answer 6

midline

Question 7

Motor neurons for face muscles are

Answer 7

ventral lateral

Question 8

Lesions of CN IV. You lean which way?

Answer 8

Away from weak side

Question 9

Lesion of CN V Above Pons

Answer 9

contralateral deficit

Question 10

Lesion of CN V below midbrain

Answer 10

ipsilateral deficit

Question 11

Problems with the Trigeminal

Answer 11

Loss of muscle tone on the side of the lesion
Wasting of the Muscles of Mastication
Anesthesia over head – distribution depends on part of the nerve that is interrupted
When asked to open the jaw, the mandible deviates to the side of the lesion
Trigeminal Neuralgia (Tic de le Rue)

Question 12

Nucleus of solitary tract are for

Answer 12

salivilary secretions

Question 13

Damage to the CN X can cause nauseated feeling with dizziness cause

Answer 13

CN X innervates some sensation in ear

Question 14

Edinger-Westphal

Answer 14

CN III

Question 15

nucleus Ambiguous

Answer 15

CN IX, X, XI

Question 16

Gates Rule of 4, the 4 M’s

Answer 16

motor pathway or cortical spinal tract, motor cranial nerves (3, 4, 6 and 12), medial lemniscus, and medial longitudinal fasciculus

Question 17

Gates Rule of 4, the 4 S’s

Answer 17

spinocerebellar pathways, sympathetic pathway, spinothalamic pathways and sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve

Question 18

Gates Rule of 4, the 4 CN above pons

Answer 18

CN 1-4

Question 19

Gates Rule of 4, the 4 CN in the pons

Answer 19

CN 5-8

Question 20

Gates Rule of 4, the 4 CN in the medulla

Answer 20

CN 9-12

Question 21

Gates Rule of 4, the 4 CN in the motor nuclei

Answer 21

The 4 motor nuclei that are in the midline are those that divide equally into 12 except for 1 and 2, that is 3, 4, 6 and 12

Question 22

Locked-in syndrome

Answer 22

Damage to the medial brainstem and destruction of corticospinal tracts. Able to move eyes

Question 23

Horner’s syndrome

Answer 23

affects the sympathetic paths. Horner syndrome results in a decreased pupil size, a drooping eyelid and decreased sweating on the affected side of your face.

Question 24

Wallenburg’s syndrome

Answer 24

affects the lateral part of the medulla

Question 25

Brainstem injuries results in loss of

Answer 25

neurotransmitter production

Question 26

Vertebral artery branches

Answer 26

anterior and posterior spinal arteries and posterior inferior cerebellar artery

Question 27

Vertebral artery supplies

Answer 27

Supplies the medulla and inferior cerebellum

Question 28

Basilar artery branches

Answer 28

anterior inferior cerebellar and superior cerebellar

Question 29

basilar artery supplies

Answer 29

supplies the pons and most of the cerebellum

Question 30

posterior cerebral artery supplies

Answer 30

midbrain