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AP Psych > Brain Pt.2 > Flashcards

Brain Pt.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

All the efferent neurons that cause muscles to contract

Controls “voluntary” activity

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2
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

The neurons that carry messages between the cns and the internal organs

Controls heart, lungs, and blood pressure

Divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

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3
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Controls fight or flight response

Tells endocrine system to pump hormones

Connects all organs

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4
Q

How many neurons does the brain hold

A

90%

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5
Q

The hindbrain:

A

The first part of the brain to develop or endure

Medulla- controls breathing, heart, or blood pressure

Pons- sleep/wake cycle

Cerebellum- balance and coordination of muscle movement

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6
Q

The cerebrum:

A

Has no specific task

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7
Q

The reticular formation:

A

Net of fibers the surrounds the sub cortex

Partially responsible for arousal levels

Damage to RF Can cause a coma

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8
Q

Forebrain:

A

Relays and translates sensory information except for smell

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9
Q

Thalamus

A

Acts as a relay station (not smell)

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10
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Hunger, thirst, body temperature, extreme emotions of rage or love

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11
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

Outer surface of brain

Convolutions on brain (folds)
“Thinking brain”

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12
Q

The limbic system:

A

Creation of new memories

Experience of emotion and motivation

Thalamus, hypothalamus, hypocampus, and amygdala are major structures

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13
Q

Hypocampus

A

Staging ground of short term memory while it waits to be encoded into the long term memory

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14
Q

Amygdala

A

Lima-bean sized structure

Influences perception of fear and aggression

Emotional memory

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15
Q

Hypothalamus and emotion

A

Sexual satisfacción, Angry behavior

Regulares function of autonomic system

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16
Q

Spinal chord

A

Cable of neurons that connect the brain and the rest of the body

Longest axons

Carries messages from brain

17
Q

Central sulcus

A

Divides motor cortex (front) from the sensory cortex (back)

18
Q

What are the lobes of the brain

A
  1. ) occipital
  2. ) temporal
  3. ) frontal
  4. ) pariental
19
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Sight/ visual memory

20
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Hearing / auditory memory

Wernicks area: processing and understanding what others say
Vocab is on left side of brain

21
Q

Frontal lobe

A

1/2 of human brain

Initiates muscle movement

Planning and sequencing events

Broca’s area: the physical ability to talk

Personality

22
Q

Pariental lobe

A

Receives sensory input from the entire body

Spatial abilities

Sensory cortex: size and sensitivity

23
Q

The insula

A

Also known as association zones

Connect lobes

24
Q

The corpus callosum

A

Rope like bundle of fibers that allows info to pass through the hemispheres

Larger in women

25
Q

The endocrine system

A

System of glands that release hormones directly into the blood stream

26
Q

Hormones

A

a. ) organize certain stages of our development

b. ) activate certain behaviors such as alertness, sleepiness, sex, etc

27
Q

Pituitary gland

A

Produces largest number of hormones

28
Q

Oxytocin

A

Increases feelings of love, grooming behavior, bonding, increases trust between people

Inc. can cause uterus to contract and release of milk

29
Q

Thyroid

A

Releases thyroxin (regulates body metabolism)

30
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

Too much metabolism… person is too skinny

31
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

Too little… person is tired and heavy

32
Q

Pineal

A

Melatonin regulates body temp and desire for sleep

33
Q

Pâncreas

A

Controls level of sugar in the blood by secreting insulin and glucagon

34
Q

The gonads

A

Androgen make testosterone

Estrogen females

Inc in estrogen causes aggression

35
Q

Adrenal glands

A

Activated symp. Nervous system

Prod. Pain killers (endorphins)

36
Q

Seizure disorders

A 
Threshold
Milieu
Focus
Spike
Aura
Grand mal
Status epithelial
Absence

AP Psych (20 decks)

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