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OB Review > Brain Anomaly > Flashcards

Brain Anomaly Flashcards

1
Q

Thickening of the endo

MSD = 2-3mm

A

Fourth Gest week sono findings

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2
Q

MSD = 10 mm
Yolk sac seen w/ TV
May vis embryonic disc
May vis cardiac activity

A

Fifth Gest Week sono findings

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3
Q

MSD = 15-20 mm
Yolk sac seen w/ TV
C-Shaped embryo measuring 5 mm
Cardiac Activity should be present

A

Sixth Gest week sono findings

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4
Q 
MSD = 30 mm
CRL = 1 cm
Cardiac activity should be present
Head is 1/2 of embryo
Limb buds appear
A

Seventh gest week sono findings

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5
Q 
CRL = 1.5 cm
Embryo unfolds
Head becomes dominent
Midgut has herniated into base of umbilical cord
Plac location can be identified
Spine may be identified
A

Eighth gest week sono findings

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6
Q

CRL = 2.3 cm
Can differentiate cerebral hemisphere
Vis limb buds
Early ossification seen

A

Ninth Gest week sono findings

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7
Q

CRL = 3.0 cm
Muscular movement has begun
Hyperechoic choriod plexus
Cystic rhombencephalon demonstrated in posterior fossa

A

Tenth Gest week sono findings

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8
Q 
CRL= 5.5 cm
Yolk sac no longer vis
Midgut has returned to abd cavity
Amnion is now abutting the chorion
Fetus demonstrates a skeletal body
Fluid is displayed in fetal sto
A

Twelfth Gestational week sono findings

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9
Q

By ____ w, the neural plate has developed

A

4.5

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10
Q

What structure forms the CNS

A

Neural Plate

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11
Q

Plate gives rise to the neural tube which becomes

A

spine and brain

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12
Q

Prosencephalon(forebrain)
Mesencephalon (midbrain)
Rhombencephalon (hindbrain)

A

3 Primary vesicles of brain

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13
Q

Number of cranial bones connected by sutures

A

8

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14
Q

Seen as hypo spaces b/t bone

A

sutures

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15
Q

Premature fusion of sutures

A

craniosyntosis

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16
Q

Spaces between the fetal bones are termed

A

fontanelles

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17
Q

Anterior fontanelle when filled with bone is

A

bregma

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18
Q

Posterior fontanelle when filled with bone is

A

lambda

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19
Q

opening in the base of the skull which the spinal cord travels

A

Foramen magnum

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20
Q

Largest part of brain

A

cerebrum

21
Q

Cerebral lobes

A 
6
frontal
2 temporal
2 parietal
occipital
22
Q

Cerebrum is divided into rt and lt hemispheres by

A

interhemispheric fissure

23
Q

Falx cerebriis located within

A

interhemispheric fissure

24
Q

Cerebral hemispheres are linked in the midline by the

A

corpus callosum

25
Q

a thick band of tissue that provides communication between the rt and lt hemispheres

A

corpus callosum

26
Q

3 meninges cover and protect brain and spinal

A

Pia mater-innermost
Arachnoid membrane-middle layer
Dura mater- dense outermost layer

27
Q

Should be completely intact between 18 and 20 weeks

A

corpus callosum

28
Q

4 parts of corpus callosum ant to post

A

Rostrum,genu,body and splenium respectively

29
Q

Forms at the same time as the cavum septum pellucidum

A

corpus callosum

30
Q

Normally when the corpus callosum is absent, the ___ is absent also

A

CSP

31
Q

Does not communicate with the ventricular system

A

CSP

32
Q

The closure of this structure is normal in later gestation and often occurs before birth or shortly thereafter

A

CSP

33
Q

The 2 lobes are located on both sides of the third ventricle

A

Thalamus

34
Q

The ____ adhesion passes through the third ventricle to connect the two lobes of the thalamus

A

massa intermedia or interthalamic adhesion

35
Q

Ventricular system function

A

provide cushion for brain

36
Q

Ventricular system is Lined by a membrane called the

A

ependyma

37
Q

mass of cells responsible for producing the cerebrospinal fluid in the fetus

A

Choroid plexus

38
Q

Each lateral ventricle communicates with the third ventricle at the

A

foramen of Monroe

39
Q

The third ventricle connects to the fourth ventricle by means of a long, tubelike structure called

A

aqueduct of Sylvius

40
Q

What is located anterior the the cerebellum within the midline of the brain

A

Fourth ventricle

41
Q

The fourth ventricle has 3 openings through which the CSF travels. 2 openings allow CSO to ______. The other allows CSP to pass from ______ to _____ and ______.

A

subarachnoid space

fourth ventricle to cisterna magna and subarachnoid space

42
Q

Arachnoid villi are responsible for the

A

reabsorption of CSF into the venous system

43
Q

Located in the posterior fossa of the cranium

A

CM

44
Q

Appears as an anechoic, fluid filled space, posterior to the cerebellum, between the cerebellar vermis and the interior surface of the occipital bone

A

CM

45
Q

Located in the posterior fossa of the cranium along w/ CM

A

Cerebellum

46
Q

Consists of two hemispheres, right and left, joined together at the midline by the cerebellar vermis

A

Cerebellum

47
Q

The cerebellar tonsils are located on the undersurface of the cerebellum and become distorted with what malformation

A

spina bifida and Arnold-Chiari malformations

48
Q

The lateral ventricle does not typically measure more than ____ mm at the level of the atrium

A

10

49
Q

Cerebellum grows at a rate of

A

1 mm per week between 14 and 21 weeks

OB Review (12 decks)

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