Bowel/Fecal Elimination

Question 1

True or False:

The normal color of feces for adults is brown and yellow for infants.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

True or False:

The consistency of feces must be formed, hard, and dry.

Answer 2

False - Formed, soft, semisolid, moist

Question 3

True or False:

Feces with constituents such as pus, mucus, parasites, blood, large quantities of fat, foreign objects are considered as abnormal

Answer 3

True

Question 4

It is defined as fewer than three bowel movements per week

Answer 4

Constipation

Question 5

A mass or collection of hardened feces in the folds of the rectum, results from prolonged retention and accumulation of fecal material

Answer 5

Fecal impaction

Question 6

Refers to passage of liquid feces and an increased frequency of defecation, results from rapid movement of fecal contents through the large intestines

Answer 6

Diarrhea

Question 7

Refers to the loss of voluntary ability to control fecal and gaseous discharges through the anal sphincter

Answer 7

Bowel Incontinence

Question 8

The presence of excessive flatus in the intestines and leads to stretching and inflation of the intestines

Answer 8

Flatulence

Question 9

It is a solution introduced to the rectum and large intestines. The main actions are to distend the intestines and to irritate the mucosa thereby increasing peristalsis and the excretion of feces and flatulence.

Answer 9

Enema

Question 10

What are the 4 types of enema?

Answer 10

Cleansing Enema
Carminative Enema
Retention Enema
Return Flow Enema

Question 11

Which type of enema is:
• Done to prevent the escape of feces during surgery
• Prepares the intestines for certain diagnostic test such as colonoscopy
• Remove feces in instances of constipation or impaction

Answer 11

Cleansing Enema

Question 12

It is given to cleanse as much of the colon as possible.

Answer 12

High Enema

Question 13

It is used to clean the rectum and sigmoid colon only.

Answer 13

Low Enema

Question 14

Enema that is given primarily to expel flatus

Answer 14

Carminative Enema

Question 15

Enema that introduces oil or medication into the rectum and sigmoid colon

Answer 15

Retention Enema

Question 16

Enema that is used occasionally to expel flatus

Answer 16

Return Flow Enema

Question 17

The solution used in enema that distends colon, stimulates peristalsis, and soften the stool

Answer 17

Hypotonic/Isotonic

Question 18

The solution used in enema that draws water into the colon

Answer 18

Hypertonic

Question 19

The solution used in enema that irritates the mucosa and distends the colon

Answer 19

Soapsuds

Question 20

The solution that is used in enema to lubricate the feces and colonic mucosa

Answer 20

Oil (Mineral, olive, and cottonseed)

Question 21

An opening for the colon onto the skin to divert and drain fecal material

Answer 21

Bowel Ostomies

Question 22

True or False:

Bowel Ostomies is classified into two parts: Permanence and Anatomic Location

Answer 22

True

Question 23

True or False:

A temporary colostomy is classified when the patient had only experienced traumatic injuries and inflammatory conditions of the bowel

Answer 23

True

Question 24

True or False:

It is considered as a permanent colostomy when the rectum/anus is non-functional

Answer 24

True

Question 25

What are the 6 anatomic locations for bowel ostomies?

Answer 25

Ileostomy - Empties from the distal end of the small intestine

Cecostomy - empties from cecum (the first part of the ascending colon)

Ascending colostomy- empties from the ascending colostomy

Transverse colostomy- empties from the transverse colon

Descending colostomy- empties from the descending colon

Sigmoidostomy- empties from the sigmoid colon

Question 26

The type of stoma where one end of the bowel is brought out through an opening onto the anterior abdominal wall

Answer 26

Single stomata

Question 27

The type of stoma where the loop of bowel is brought out onto the abdominal wall and supported by a plastic bridge, or a piece of rubber tubing

Answer 27

Loop colostomy

Question 28

The type of stoma where it consists of two edges of bowel brought out onto the abdomen but separated from each other

Answer 28

Divided colostomy

Question 29

The type of stoma where the proximal and distal loops of the bowel are sutured together and both ends are brought up onto the abdominal wall

Answer 29

Double-barreled colostomy

Question 30

True or false:

To promote regular defecation during constipation, decreased daily fluid intake and avoidance fiber in the diet must be observed

Answer 30

False - Increase daily fluid intake, and instruct the client to drink hot liquids and fruits juices. Especially prune juice. Include fiber in the diet.

Question 31

True or False:

To avoid/decrease flatulence, carbonated beverages must be limited and avoid the use of drinking straws and chewing gum

Answer 31

True

Question 32

True or False:

Closed pouches used by people who have a regular stoma discharge must be changed 4 times a day

Answer 32

False - Empty pouch 1-2 times a day

Question 33

A stoma management used only for clients who have a sigmoid or descending colostomy

Answer 33

Colostomy Irrigation

Question 34

True or False:

The color of the stoma must be very pale or darker-colored stomas with a dusky a bluish or purplish hue

Answer 34

False - stoma should appear red, and slightly moist

Question 35

True or False:

The stoma size and shape must protrude slightly from the abdomen. New stomas normally appear swollen but swelling generally decreases over 2 or 3 weeks or for as long as 6 weeks.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

True or False:

Slight bleeding initially when the stoma is touched is normal

Answer 36

True

Question 37

True or False:

Use warm water, mild soap, and a washcloth to clean the skin and stoma.

Answer 37

True