Bornaviridae, Astroviridae & Prions

Question 1

Borna disease virus is mostly detected in? 
USA
Iceland
Africa
Central Europe

Answer 1

Central Europe

Question 2

The fatal form of Borna disease is:
the neurological disease 
      the gastrointestinal disease
the reproductive tract disease
the mucosal disease

Answer 2

the neurological disease

Question 3

“Dribbling and champing of jaws” is a clinical sign of Borna disease.
True
False

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in neurons called “Joest-Degen” bodies are pathognomonic for Borna disease Virus infection.
True
False

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Ante-mortem diagnosis is of Borna disease is difficult mainly because of similarities in neurological manifestation. Which is of following diseasescan be considered as differentials?

EHV-1 infection
rabies
West Nile
       All above options are valid

Answer 5

All above options are valid

Question 6

What disease does the avian bornavirus cause?
rhinotracheitis
osteopetrosis
“Big leg” syndrome
Proventricular dilatation disease

Answer 6

Proventricular dilatation disease

Question 7

During infection with the avian bornavirus, proventricular dilatation is a direct result of:
progressive indigestion
progressive neurological dysfunction
diarrhoea
inappetence

Answer 7

progressive neurological dysfunction

Question 8

Although Astroviruses are known to cause diarrhoea in many animal species, however, a fatal diarrheic disease can be observed only in:
birds
humans
pigs
cattle

Answer 8

birds

Question 9

Astroviruses have a linear, positive sense, single-stranded RNA and the RNA is:
semi-infectious
quiescent
non-infectious
infectious

Answer 9

infectious

Question 10

The term prion means:
primitive form of virus
infectious protein or rogue protein
non-infectious protein
precarious protein

Answer 10

infectious protein or rogue protein

Question 11

What classification system is used for prions?
microorganism classification system
Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology
There is no classification system for prions yet
International committee on taxonomy of viruses

Answer 11

There is no classification system for prions yet

Question 12

What is the abnormal form of the prion protein?
PrPsc
PrPc
PrP
PrPs

Answer 12

PrPsc

Question 13

Prion proteins are mostly expressed in:
muscle cells
enterocytes
neurons and lymphoreticular cells
skull osteocytes

Answer 13

neurons and lymphoreticular cells

Question 14

Why are prions difficult to eliminate?
there envelope coat is resistant to proteases
they are resistant to chemical and physical conditions
they are made of RNA that is resistant to ultraviolet light
they are invisible

Answer 14

they are resistant to chemical and physical conditions

Question 15

How do prions replicate?
they use reverse transcriptase to transcribe their genetic material
they are amplified by Taq polymerase
by transduction
the PrPsc catalyses the conversion of PrPc into PrPsc

Answer 15

the PrPsc catalyses the conversion of PrPc into PrPs

Question 16

Scrapie is a prion disease mainly found in:
pigs
sheep
camels
cattle

Answer 16

sheep

Question 17

In animals infected with the scrapie prion, histopathological lesions are characterized by wide spread inflammatory reaction in the brain.
True
False

Answer 17

False

Question 18

Why has prion infection in cattle been termed “mad cow disease”?
constant mooing of the affected animal
aimless wondering of the affected animal
Abnormal posture and progressive apprehensive behaviour of the affected animal
weight loss of the affected animal

Answer 18

Abnormal posture and progressive apprehensive behaviour of the affected animal

Question 19

Although the transmission of prions is not fully known, what is the accepted mode of transmission currently?
oral route
ticks
mosquitoes
thrips

Answer 19

oral route

Question 20

Histopathological examination of a brain from a cow suspected to have died from Bovine spongiform encephalopathy would show:
Astrocytic hypoplasia
Neuronal vacuolation and degeneration
lymphocytes infiltration around neurons
vestibular neuronitis

Answer 20

Neuronal vacuolation and degeneration