Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

w > Bordeaux > Flashcards

Bordeaux Flashcards

1
Q

How much wine is produced in BDX each year?

A

661 million bottles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nearly ___ % of the wine made in BDX is red

A

90

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

BDX is the largest AOC in France, T or F?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

BDX is how many acres?

A

290,350 (6x Napa, 4x Burgundy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many appellations are in BDX?

A

60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What three rivers does BDX lie along?

A

Gironde Estuary, Dordogne River, Garonne River

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the three main white grapes grown in BDX?

A

Muscadelle, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What six red grapes are grown in BDX?

A

Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenere, Malbec, Merlot, Petite Verdot.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is BDX’s climate?

A

Maritime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

BDX is edged on the south and west by what?

A

Les Landes, 2.5 million acres of manmade pine forests that help to shield the region from extreme weather

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

An old BDX saying has it that the best vineyards _________

A

Can see the river

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why plant Merlot in clay instead of Cabernet Sauvignon?

A

Clay does not drain well, as a result clay stays cool in the spring, delaying budbreak and slowing the ripening of grapes. Because of its slightly less tannic structure, and because it tends to ripen early, merlot has a better chance of reaching maturity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What percentage of all red grape vineyard land in BDX is merlot?

A

60%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What percentage of all red grape vineyard land in BDX is cabernet sauvignon?

A

20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In BDX, merlot is described as

A

Fleshy, mouthfilling, and supple.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

IN BDX, cabernet sauvignon is described as

A

Angular, structured (so high in tannin).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Why is BDX red wine so perfect for aging?

A

Merlot and Cab both have very high tannin, tannin acts as a preservative, thus is ages well.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What percentage of all red grape vineyard land in BDX is Cabernet Franc?

A

10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which of BDX’s red grapes are native to France?

A

All of them, except Cabernet Franc, which is from the Basque region of Spain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Name all white grapes grown in BDX

A

Semillon, Muscadelle, Sauvignon Blanc, Merlot Blanc, Colombard, Ugni Blanc, and Sauvignon Gris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How many grape varieties were allowed to grown in BDX in the 1780’s? How many now?

A

63 then, 13 now.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What does Entre-Deux-Mers mean?

A

“Between two seas”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

In BDX, the main classifications are based on ______ not _______ .

A

Estate, not land.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How many chateaus were ranked in the famous 1855 Classification, what are the ranking categories?

A

60 top chateaux in Medoc, plus Château Haut-Brion in Pessac-Leognon. The are ranked from 1st to 5th growths. Sauternes and Barsac were ranked into three categories separately: First Great Classified Growth, First Growths, and Second Growths.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Name the 1855 First Great Classified Growths in Sauternes and Barsac?

A

d’Yquem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Name the original 1855 First Growths

A

Margaux, Lafite, Latour, Haut-Brion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What amendment was made to the 1855 classification? What year was it made?

A

Mouton-Rothschild, 1973

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Why did the 1855 Classification occur?

A

Napoleon III asked BDX’s top chateaus to rank their wines from best to worst for the Paris Universal Exhibition, they stalled, and the BDX CHamber of Commerce did it. The ranking was based on one stark question: how much the wine sold for. The classification was never to be revised.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What year were the wines of Graves classified, and what year was that classification revised?

A

1953 and 1959. There was no hierarchical order, instead the top 16 chateaux were given the legal right to call themselves Grand Cru Classe.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Who is the man responsible for the amendment to the 1855 classification?

A

Baron Philippe de Rothschild, who petitioned the government for twenty years to upgrade Mouton.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What does selling wine ‘en primeur’ mean?

A

Selling wine as futures, which is common in BDX. Usually futures are sold two or more years before the wine will actually be ready to be drunk.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Which chateaux shocked the world in 2012 by declaring they would no longer sell their wine ‘en primeur’

A

Chateau Latour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What year was St. Emilion classified, and with what provision?

A

1954, it will be revised every ten years.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What are the classification levels in St. Emilion?

A
  1. Premier Grand Cru Classe (A and B)
  2. Grand Cru Classe
  3. Grand Cru
35
Q

Which region has no ranking system?

A

Pomerol

36
Q

What is the classification for all chateaux in Medoc who are unranked in their region?

A

Crus Bourgeois du Medoc

37
Q

The Medoc is broken into what two smaller appellations?

A

Medoc (South) and Haut Medoc (North)

38
Q

What are the two dominate grapes in Medoc?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon followed by Merlot

39
Q

The flat plateaus of Medoc were originally marshland, how and when did this change?

A

In the 17th century BDX nobility brought Dutch engineers to cut huge drains in the land, lowering the water table and creating riverside gravel banks (riverside meaning Gironde-side.

40
Q

What is the largest commune in Medoc?

A

Margaux

41
Q

Describe the soil in Margaux

A

The lightest and most gravelly in Medoc, giving its wines soaring elegance and refinement.

42
Q

What are the two most famous chateaux in Margaux

A

First Growth: Chateau Margaux

Third Growth: Chateau Palmer

43
Q

What is the smallest commune in Medoc?

A

St. Julien

44
Q

What are St. Julien’s three most famous chateaux

A

Leoville-Barton, Leoville-Las Cases, and Leoville-Poyferre (All Second Growths)

45
Q

What three First Growths are in Pauillac?

A

Mouton, Lafite, Latour

46
Q

What are the three most famous chateaux in St. Estephe?

A

Cos d’Estournel, Calon-Segur, and Montrose

47
Q

What is the soil in Graves like?

A

It is famously gravelly, hence the name. The gift of Ice Age glaciers, which also deposited tiny white quartz pebbles which are found in all the best vineyards.

48
Q

What part of BDX holds the distinction of being the only where both red and white wines are made by most chateaux

A

Graves

49
Q

What is the most famous chateau in Graves?

A

Haut-Brion

50
Q

What is Pessac-Leognan?

A

An appellation within Graves composed of ten tiny communes, grouped together by the French government in 1987

51
Q

Classically, all white Graves are blends of _____ and ______

A

Sauvignon Blanc and Semillon

52
Q

Name five top Chateaux in Graves for red wine

A

Haut-Brion, La Mission Haut-Brion, Domaine de Chevalier, Pape-Clement, and Haut-Bailly.

53
Q

Name three top Chateaux in Graves for white wine

A

La Mission Haut-Brion, Haut-Brion, Domaine de Chevalier

54
Q

What are BDX’s five sweet wine producing communes?

A

Sauternes, Barsac, Bommes, Fargues, Preignac

55
Q

What grape is especially susceptible to botrytis cinera? Why?

A

Semillon, because of its large bunches of thin-skinned grapes with high sugar content.

56
Q

Why are Sauternes and Barsac perfect for making sweet wine?

A

They are situated where the Ciron River meets the Garonne River, creating gentle morning mists. Nearby forests hold this moisture in the air, and when the day warms up a perfect stage is set. Botrytis loves humidity and warmth.

57
Q

What does botrytis cinera do to grapes?

A

The mold punctures the grapes’ skins in search of water to germinate its spores, then dehydrates the grapes, leaving concentrated sugar and acid (it also alters the structure of said acid).

58
Q

How long does sweet wine fermentation take, and why?

A

Because of the concentration of sugar in the must, fermentation is difficult and takes a long time- up to the year (dry wine takes two weeks-month)

59
Q

How many First and Second Growth wines are there in Sauternes/Barsac

A

11 First Growth, 15 Second Growth

60
Q

In off years, d’Yquem makes a dry wine called what?

A

Y (pronounced E-GREK)

61
Q

Is St. Emilion on the Right or Left Bank of BDX?

A

Right

62
Q

What is unique about St. Emilion’s chateaus?

A

It is very modest, often most of the work is done in the vineyard and in the cellar by the proprietor and his family.

63
Q

What is Eglise Monolithe?

A

One of Europe’s only underground churches, carved by hand by the Benedictine monks out of one massive block of limestone. It is in the center of the village St. Emilion.

64
Q

The topography of St. Emilion is characterized by

A

Hillsides (the cotes), limestone outcroppings and plateaus, plus gravelly terraces.

65
Q

What is the soil of St. Emilion?

A

Clay, sand, chalk, and quartz.

66
Q

Only red wines are made in what BDX region?

A

St. Emilion and Pomerol

67
Q

Name four top chateaux in St. Emilion

A

Cheval Blanc, Ausone, Angelus, Pavie

68
Q

Which of BDX’s major wine regions is smallest?

A

Pomerol

69
Q

What two grapes are most widely planted in Pomerol?

A

Merlot and Cabernet Franc

70
Q

What is the soil in Pomerol?

A

Gravel and Clay

71
Q

Pomerol was fairly unknown until when? What chateaux made its name?

A

1940-50’s, Petrus

72
Q

Who is Jean-Pierre Moueix?

A

A talented businessman who bought exclusive rights to Pomerol’s best chateaux, in 1964 he bought 50% of Petrus. He also owns Dominus in Napa Valley!

73
Q

What is the average size of a vineyard in Pomerol?

A

10 acres! SO SMALL.

74
Q

What region are Listrac and Moulis within?

A

Medoc

75
Q

Why is wine from Listrac and Moulis so much cheaper than the famous communes in Medoc?

A

They are more inland, and not positioned on the gravelly banks of the Gironde Estuary. Away from the riverbanks the soil tends to be heavier and hold more water.

76
Q

All wines classified to the Appellation Entre-Deux-Mers are what?

A

WHITE, mostly sauvignon blanc

77
Q

What are red wines in Entre-Deux-Mers classified as?

A

Appellation Bordeaux.

78
Q

What is the soil of Fronsac and Canon-Fronsac?

A

clay/sand interlaced with limestone

79
Q

Are white wines made in Fronsac and Canon Fronsac?

A

No

80
Q

What are the four subregions of the Cotes?

A

Cotes de Bourg, Cotes de Castillon, Cotes de Francs, Premieres Cotes de Blaye.

81
Q

What five Second Growths are in Margaux?

A

Rausan-Segla, Rausan-Gassies, Durfort-Vivens, Lascombes, and Brane-Cantenac

82
Q

What five Second Growths are in St. Julien?

A

Leoville Las Cases, Leoville Poyferre, Leoville Barton, Gruard-Larose, and Ducru-Beaucaillou

83
Q

What three Second Growths are in Pauillac?

A

Mouton, Pichon-Longueville, and Pichon-Longueville comtesse de Lalande

84
Q

What two Second Growths are in St. Estephe?

A

Cos d’Estournel, and Montrose

w (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions