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Memoria Press The Iliad > Books I-XVIII Test Review > Flashcards

Books I-XVIII Test Review Flashcards

1
Q

priest of Apollo who asks Agamemnon to give his daughter back

A

Chryses

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2
Q

the chief river god who flows through the plain below Troy

A

Scamander/Xanthus

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3
Q

lowest abyss under the earth - a place of punishment and torment

A

Tartarus

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4
Q

Ithacan and faithful servant of Odysseus; herald of the Greeks

A

Eurybates

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5
Q

Greek physician from Thessaly; son of the famous healer, Asclepius

A

Machaon

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6
Q

king of the Myrmidons; father of Achilles

A

Peleus

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7
Q

surrogate father to Achilles who was cursed to have no children

A

Phoenix

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8
Q

prize of Achilles; daughter of Briseus

A

Briseis

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9
Q

elderly counselor to Priam and the Trojans who is called a “cicada”

A

Antenor

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10
Q

son of Priam; augur of the Trojans

A

Helenus

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11
Q

brother of Peleus from Salamis; father of Ajax the Great

A

Telamon

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12
Q

Achilles’ grandfather; his father, Zeus, made men of ants for him (Myrmidons)

A

Aeacus

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13
Q

venerable leader of the Pylians and the oldest and wisest Greek chieftan

A

Nestor

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14
Q

father of Aeneas by Aphrodite

A

Anchises

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15
Q

grandson of Bellerophon; cousin and squire of Sarpedon

A

Glaucus

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16
Q

older friend and squire of Achilles; son of Menoetius

A

Patroclus

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17
Q

main gates of Troy from which non-combatants observe the battles

A

Scaean Gates

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18
Q

nickname of Hector’s son, Scamandrius, which means “king of the city”

A

Astyanax

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19
Q

gods’ messenger - especially Zeus’ - who repeats messages verbatim

A

Iris

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20
Q

son of Nestor; leading fighter from Pylos and friend of Achilles

A

Antilochus

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21
Q

goddess who tossed a golden apple for the fairest at the wedding of Peleus and Thetis

A

Discord/Eris

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22
Q

a river of Hades by which the gods swear their most serious oaths

A

Styx

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23
Q

father of Patroclus

A

Menoetius

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24
Q

son of Eumedes; scout of the Trojans

A

Dolon

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25
Q

brother of Death; son of Night

A

Sleep

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26
Q

Trojan warrior and advisor to Hector

A

Polydamas

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27
Q

great inventor of Crete who built the labyrinth

A

Daedalus

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28
Q

king of the Thracians

A

Rhesus

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29
Q

first Greek to land at Troy; the first Greek to die in the war

A

Protesilaus

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30
Q

son of Panthous; brother of Polydamas and Hyperenor; wounds Patroclus

A

Euphorbus

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31
Q

Before divulging any information, Calchas seeks the protection of ___. He says that the pestilence has come because ___.

A

Achilles; Apollo is angry because Agamemnon has taken the daughter of his priest

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32
Q

Trojans and Greeks lay down their arms as Paris and Menelaus duel for what?

A

Helen and her wealth

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33
Q

Which Greek does Agamemnon send for to attend to the wound of Menelaus?

A

Machaon

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34
Q

What characteristic battle formation is used by both Greeks and Trojans?

A

phalanx

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35
Q

Whom does Helenus hold up as the mightiest of the Greeks?

A

Diomed

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36
Q

Whom does Hector call a “girl and coward”?

A

Diomed

37
Q

What is Teucer’s strenght in battle?

A

archery

38
Q

When does Achilles say that he will return to the fight?

A

when Hector burns his ships

39
Q

___ is the first Greek to volunteer to spy on the Trojans, and he chooses ___ to go with him. ___ volunteers to spy on the Greeks.

A

Diomed; Odysseus; Dolon

40
Q

What do the Trojan spies offer to the Greek spies?

A

a ransom for his life; to say Hector held conference at the monument of llus; to describe the Trojan camp in detail

41
Q

Zeus tells Hector to stay out of the fray of battle until whom is wounded?

A

Agamemnon

42
Q

The injury Paris inflicts on Machaon is significant for the Greeks for what reason?

A

he was the main Greek physician

43
Q

___ first breaches the Greek wall with his bare hands, but ___ is the first to enter the Greek camp using a pointed stone.

A

Sarpedon; Hector

44
Q

Who interprets Zeus’ bird sign to the Trojans as meaning that the Trojans might break the Greek wall but will lose many men by the ships.

A

Polydamas

45
Q

Idomeneus gives Meriones a what after he had twenty taken from Trojans he killed.

A

spear

46
Q

Hera’s plan to keep Zeus out of the fight involved what ?

A

wooing Zeus; having Sleep put Zeus to Sleep; getting dressed up

47
Q

What event is Zeus wating for before he will allow the Greeks any glory?

A

when he sees a burning ship

48
Q

As the Myrmidons began to turn the tide at the ships, Hector does what?

A

hides behind his shield; flees in his chariot; leaves the Trojans by the trench

49
Q

What does Hector do after being chided by Glaucus?

A

leaves to don Achilles’ armor

50
Q

Who is on the outermost rim of Achilles’ new shied?

A

River Oceanus

51
Q

Achilles brings his mother up from the depth of the sea by ___. He askes her to get Zeus to aid the ___ as a punishment on ___.

A

weeping; Trojans; Agamemnon

52
Q

When the Greeks and Trojans first march into battle in the Illiad, ___ immediately jumps in front to challange any enemy soldier to a duel. ___ accepts.

A

Paris; Menelaus

53
Q

Helen wants ___ to win the duel. Her heart yearns after ___.

A

Menelaus; her former husband, her city, and her parents

54
Q

What outcome to the Trojan War does Zeus prefer?

A

Zeus would prefer Meneluas to get Helen back and Troy to be left in peace.

55
Q

Describe three elements of Nestor’s military strategy and explain why it would be effective.

A

1.) Put chariots in front and have them stay together. 2.) Put brave foot soldiers at the rear. 3.) Put the cowards in teh middle, so they can’t flee the battle.

56
Q

Hector does not fear death. He does fear for ___. What does Andromache do when Hector leaves?

A

Andromache

57
Q

Homer says that Achilles will rejoin the battle when ___.

A

Patroclus is dead

58
Q

According to Achilles, what is the paradox of Agamemnon’s actions?

A

Agamemnon undertook the war to save Helen, and he then took Briseis from Achilles.

59
Q

Why did Diomed kill the Trojan spy?

A

he can’t spy on or fight the Greeks

60
Q

___ tells Patroclus that he should persuade ___ to reenter the fight or send Patroculs in his armor.

A

Nestor; Achilles

61
Q

When the bird sign to the Trojans seems unfavorable, Hector says that he will follow what?

A

the counsels of Zeus rather than a flight of birds

62
Q

Who is Sarpedon?

A

a very old mortal; son of Zeus; king of Lycia

63
Q

When challenged by Idomeneus, Deiphobus calls for ___ because his brother-in-law, Alcathous, has just been killed.

A

Aeneas

64
Q

What decision did Euchenor make before coming to the Trojan War?

A

Euchenor had to decide whether to stay at home, pay a fine, and die of a terrible disease, or go to Troy and be killed in Battle.

65
Q

After putting Zeus to sleep, ___ takes the news to ___.

A

Sleep; Poseidon

66
Q

Who disables Hector with a rock?

A

Ajax son of Telamon

67
Q

Forced to return to Olympus by Zeus, Hera tells all of the gods that they can expect what?

A

ills from Zeus

68
Q

Ajax is able to defend the Greek ships from the decks of the ships by doing what?

A

jumping from one ship deck to another with a sea pike in his hand

69
Q

Achilles warns Patroclus not to pursue the Trojans to Troy for what 2 reasons?

A

1.) He doesn’t want Patroclus to take his glory. 2.) A god might attack him.

70
Q

___ convinces Zeus that it is a bad idea to deliver Sarpedon from his fate. What is his fate?

A

Hera; He is fated to die at Patroclus’ hands

71
Q

As the battle for Patroclus’ body rages, the immortal horses of Achilles are doing what?

A

weeping

72
Q

Why didn’t Achilles immediately come out to defend the body of Patroculs?

A

He had no armor.

73
Q

Name the two Achaean warriors who carry the body of Patroclus off the battlefield.

A

Menelaus and Meriones

74
Q

Describe the grief of Achilles when he learns of the death of Patroclus.

A

He pours dust over his head, flings himself to the ground, and tears his hair.

75
Q

Hector wants to keep the fight at the Greek ships because he wants to do what?

A

to slay Achilles and win glory for himself

76
Q

“Many a brave soul did it send hurrying down to Hades, and many a hero did it yield a prey to dogs and vultures, for so were the counsels of Zeus fulfilled from the day on which the son of Atreus, king of men, and great Achilles first fell out with one another.”

___ made this appeal to ___.

A

Homer; the Muse

77
Q

“Many a brave soul did it send hurrying down to Hades, and many a hero did it yield a prey to dogs and vultures, for so were the counsels of Zeus fulfilled from the day on which the son of Atreus, king of men, and great Achilles first fell out with one another.”

What is the it that the speaker is referring to?

A

the anger of Achilles

78
Q

“Young men’s minds are as light as air, but when an old man comes he looks before and after, deeming that which shall be fairest upon both sides.”

Who said this?

A

Menelaus

79
Q

“If ever I get home again to set my eyes on my native place, my wife, and the greatness of my house, may someone cut my head off then and there if I do not break the bow and set it on a hot fire - such pranks as it plays me.”

___ said this to ___

A

Pandarus; Aeneas

80
Q

“If I stay here and fight, I shall not return alive but my name will live forever: whereas if I go home my name will die, but it will be long ere death shall take me.”

___ said this to ___

A

Achilles; the embassy/ Phoenix

81
Q

“If we ransom you or let you go, you will come second time to the ships of the Achaeans either as a spy or as an open enemy, but if I kill you and make an end of you, you will give no more trouble.”

___ said this to ___

A

Diomed; Dolon

82
Q

“There is one omen, and one only - that a man should fight for his country.”

___ said this to ___

A

Hector; Polydamas

83
Q

“Because heaven has so richly endowed you with the arts of war, you think that you must therefore excel all others in counsel; but you cannot thus claim pre-eminence in all things. Heaven has made one man an excellent soldier; of another it has made a dancer or a singer and player on the lyre; while yet another Zeus has implanted a wise understanding of which men reap fruit to the saving of many, and he himself knows more about it than anyone; therefore I will say what I think will be best.”

___ said this to ___

A

Polydamas; Hector

84
Q

“[Zeus] is now on our side and is going against the Argives. Therefore swarm round the ships and fight. If any of you is struck by spear or sword and loses his life, let him die. He dies with honor who dies fighting for his country; and he will leave his wife and children safe behind him, with his house and allotment unplundered if only the Achaeans can be driven back to their own land, they and their ships.”

Who said this?

A

Hector

85
Q

“You know no pity; knight Peleus was not your father nor Thetis your mother, but the grey sea bore you and the sheer cliffs begot you, so cruel and remorseless are you”

___ said this to ___

A

Patroclus; Achillles

86
Q

“I say further, and lay my saying to your heart, you too shall live but for a little season. Death and the day of your doom are close upon you, and they will lay you low by the hand of Achilles, son of Aeacus.”

These are the dying words of ___.

A

Patroclus

87
Q

“Alas! poor wretch, you arm in the armor of a hero before whom many another trembles, and you reck nothing of the doom that is already close upon you. You have killed his comrade so brave and strong, but it was not well that you should strip the armor from his head and shoulders. I do indeed endow you with great might now, but as against this you shall not return from battle to lay the armor of the son of Peleus before Andromache.”

___ muttered this about ___

A

Zeus; Hector

88
Q

“At daybreak we will arm and fight about the ships. Granted that Achilles has again come forward to defend them, let it be as he will, but it shall go hard with him. I shall not shun him, but will fight him, to fall or conquer. The god of war deals out like measure to all, and the slayer may yet be slain.”

___ said this to the ___.

A

Hector; the Trojans

Memoria Press The Iliad (27 decks)

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